Enhanced erythropoiesis and iron metabolism
The present invention relates to methods and compounds for regulating or enhancing erythropoiesis and iron metabolism, and for treating or preventing iron deficiency and anemia of chronic disease.
1. A method of treating anemia in a human subject comprising administering to the human subject an effective amount of a compound, wherein the human subject has a transferrin saturation (TSAT) level below 20% prior to said administering and wherein the compound is a compound of Formula I
wherein
A is —CR 5 R 6 and R 5 and R 6 are each hydrogen;
B is —CO 2 H;
X is O;
Q is O;
R 4 is hydrogen
Y is CR 3 ;
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and are hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, nitro, carboxyl, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyloxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyloxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy, (C 6 -C 2 )-aryl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkenyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkynyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkenyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkynyl, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkoxy, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkenyloxy, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkynyloxy, retinyloxy, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 16 )-hydroxyalkyl, (C 6 -C 16 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkenyloxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkynyloxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, retinyloxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, —O—[CH 2 ] x CfH (2f+1−g) F g , —OCF 2 Cl, —OCF 2 —CHFCl, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkylcarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbonyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbonyl, cinnamoyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkenylcarbonyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkynylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxycarbonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxycarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxycarbonyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkenyloxycarbonyl, retinyloxycarbonyl, (C 2 -C 20 )-alkynyloxycarbonyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbonyloxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbonyloxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbonyloxy, cinnamoyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkenylcarbonyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkynylcarbonyloxy, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxycarbonyloxy, (C 1 -C 2 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxycarbonyloxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxycarbonyloxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxycarbonyloxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxycarbonyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkenyloxycarbonyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkynyloxycarbonyloxy, carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyl, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbamoyl, N,N-dicyclo-(C 3 -C 8 )-alkylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbamoyl, N—((C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl-N—((C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, N-(+)-dehydroabietylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl-N-(+)-dehydroabietylcarbamoyl, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbamoyl, N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 6 -C 16 )-arylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyl, N—((C 1 -C 18 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, N—((C 6 -C 16 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl; CON(CH 2 ) h , in which a CH 2 group can be replaced by O, S, N—(C 1 -C 8 )-alkylimino, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylimino, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylimino, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylimino, N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylimino, N—(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkylimino, and h is from 3 to 7; a carbamoyl radical of the formula R
in which
R x and R v are each independently selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl, aryl, or the substituent of an α-carbon of an α-amino acid, to which the L- and D-amino acids belong,
s is 1-5,
T is OH, or NR*R**, and R*, R** and R*** are identical or different and are selected from hydrogen, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryl, (C 7 -C 11 )-aralkyl, (C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl, (+)-dehydroabietyl, (C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-aralkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )-alkanoyl, optionally substituted (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkanoyl, optionally substituted (C 6 -C 12 )-aroyl; or R* and R** together are —[CH 2 ] h , in which a CH 2 group can be replaced by O, S, SO, SO 2 , N-acylamino, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkoxycarbonylimino, N—(C 1 -C 8 )-alkylimino, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylimino, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylimino, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylimino, N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylimino, N—(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkylimino, and h is from 3 to 7;
carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyloxy, N,N-di-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 7 -c 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyloxy, N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyloxy, N—((C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyloxy, N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyloxyamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylamino, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylamino, (C 3 -C 12 )-alkenylamino, (C 3 -C 12 )-alkynylamino, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylamino, N—(C 7 -C 11 )-aralkylamino, N-alkyl-aralkylamino, N-alkyl-arylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxyamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkanoylamino, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkanoylamino, (C 6 -C 12 )-aroylamino, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkanoylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkanoyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkanoyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 6 -C 12 )-aroyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 7 -C 11 )-aralkanoyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkanoylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkanoylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aroylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkanoylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, amino-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, N,N-di(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylamino(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkylmercapto, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkylsulfonyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylmercapto, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylsulfinyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylsulfonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylmercapto, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfinyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfonyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylmercapto-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylsulfinyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylsulfonyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylmercapto-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylsulfinyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylsulfonyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylmercapto-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfinyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfonyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, sulfamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylsulfamoyl, N,N-di-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylsulfamoyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylsulfamoyl, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylsulfamoyl, N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylsulfamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfamoyl, (C 1 -C 10 )-alkylsulfonamido, N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylsulfonamido, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfonamido, and N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfonamido; where an aryl radical may be substituted by 1 to 5 substituents selected from hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, nitro, carboxyl, (C 2 -C 16 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyloxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyloxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyl, (C 2 -C 16 )-alkenyl, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkynyl, (C 1 -C 16 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 16 )-alkenyloxy, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 8 )-hydroxyalkyl, (C 6 -C 16 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 12 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, —O—[CH 2 ] x C f H (2f+1−g) F g , —OCF 2 Cl, —OCF 2 —CHFCl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )- cycloalkylcarbonyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbonyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxycarbonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxycarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxycarbonyl, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkenyloxycarbonyl, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkynyloxycarbonyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxycarbonyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbonyloxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbonyloxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbonyloxy, cinnamoyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkenylcarbonyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkynylcarbonyloxy, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxycarbonyloxy, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxycarbonyloxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxycarbonyloxy, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxycarbonyloxy, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkoxycarbonyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkenyloxycarbonyloxy, (C 2 -C 12 )-alkynyloxycarbonyloxy, carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyl, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbamoyl, N,N-dicyclo-(C 3 -C 8 )-alkylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbamoyl, N—((C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl)carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl-N—((C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl)carbamoyl, N-(+)-dehydroabietylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl-N-(+)-dehydroabietylcarbamoyl, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbamoyl, N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 6 -C 16 )-arylcarbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyl, N—((C 1 -C 16 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyl, N—((C 6 -C 16 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyl, N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, CON(CH 2 ) h , in which a CH 2 group can be replaced by, O, S, N—(C 1 -C 8 )-alkylimino, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylimino, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkyl-(C 1 -C 4 )-alkylimino, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylimino, N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylimino, N—(C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 6 )-alkylimino, and h is from 3 to 7; carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyloxy, N,N-di-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 6 -C 16 )-arylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylcarbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—(C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylcarbamoyloxy, N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyloxy, N—((C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyloxy, N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 1 -C 10 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyloxy, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl-N—((C 7 -C 16 )-aralkyloxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)carbamoyloxy, amino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylamino, di-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkylamino, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylamino, (C 3 -C 12 )-alkenylamino, (C 3 -C 12 )-alkynylamino, N—(C 6 -C 12 )-arylamino, N—(C 7 -C 11 )-aralkylamino, N-alkyl-aralkylamino, N-alkyl-arylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxyamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkoxy-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkanoylamino, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkanoylamino, (C 6 -C 12 )-aroylamino, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkanoylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkanoyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkanoyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 6 -C 12 )-aroyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 7 -C 11 )-aralkanoyl-N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkanoylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkanoylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aroylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkanoylamino-(C 1 -C 8 )-alkyl, amino-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, N—(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, N,N-di-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkylamino-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 )-cycloalkylamino-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylmercapto, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylsulfinyl, (C 1 -C 12 )-alkylsulfonyl, (C 6 -C 16 )-arylmercapto, (C 6 -C 16 )-arylsulfinyl, (C 6 -C 16 )-arylsulfonyl, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylmercapto, (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfinyl, or (C 7 -C 16 )-aralkylsulfonyl;
including the physiologically active salts derived therefrom.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase enzyme activity.
3. A method of treating anemia in a human subject comprising administering to the human subject an effective amount of a compound, wherein the human subject has a transferrin saturation (TSAT) level below 20% prior to said administering and wherein the compound is a compound of Formula I
wherein
A is —CR 5 R 6 and R 5 and R 6 are each hydrogen;
B is —CO 2 H;
X is O;
Q is O;
Y is CR 3
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and are hydrogen, halogen, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryl, (C 1 -C 20 )-alkoxy, (C 6 -C 12 )-aryloxy, N—((C 1 -C 18 )-alkoxy-(C 1 -C 10 )-alkyl)-carbamoyl, (C 6 -C 12 )-arylmercapto; where an aryl radical may be substituted by 1 to 5 substituents selected from halogen;
including the physiologically active salts derived therefrom.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compound inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase enzyme activity.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is orally administered to the human subject.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the erythropoietin plasma level in the human subject is increased following administration of the effective amount of the compound.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the iron level in the human subject is increased following administration of the effective amount of the compounds.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human subject has a transferrin saturation level below 16%, below 15%, or below 10%.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method increases the transferrin saturation level in the subject to a level above 20%, above 30%, above 40%, or above 50%.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anemia does not respond to treatment with exogenously administered erythropoietin.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the percent transferrin saturation in the human subject is increased to a value between 25% to 50% following administration of the effective amount of the compound.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hemoglobin level in the human subject is increased following administration of the effective amount of the compound.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human subject is a subject having iron deficiency.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the human subject is a subject having a functional iron deficiency.
15. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compound is orally administered to the human subject.
16. The method of claim 3 , wherein the erythropoietin plasma level in the human subject is increased following administration of the effective amount of the compound.
17. The method of claim 3 , wherein the iron level in the human subject is increased following administration of the effective amount of the compounds.
18. The method of claim 3 , wherein the human subject has a transferrin saturation level below 16%, below 15%, or below 10%.
19. The method of claim 3 , wherein the method increases the transferrin saturation level in the human subject to a level above 20%, above 30%, above 40%, or above 50%.
20. The method of claim 3 , wherein the anemia does not respond to treatment with exogenously administered erythropoietin.
21. The method of claim 3 , wherein the percent transferrin saturation in the human subject is increased to a value between 25% to 50% following administration of the effective amount of the compound.
22. The method of claim 3 , wherein the hemoglobin level in the human subject is increased following administration of the effective amount of the compound.
23. The method of claim 3 , wherein the human subject is a subject having iron deficiency.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the human subject is a subject having a functional iron deficiency.