Process for the removal of iron and phosphate ions from a chlorinated hydrocarbon waste stream
A process for the simultaneous removal of iron and phosphate ions from a chlorinated hydrocarbon waste stream, such as a waste stream derived from a process for manufacturing 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (HCC-240fa) and/or 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane (HCC-250fb). The waste stream contains at least one of chlorinated hydrocarbons, tributyl phosphate (TBP) and/or triethyl phosphate (TEP), iron, FeCl 2 and/or FeCl 3 , a TBP-FeCl 2 complex and/or a TBP-FeCl 3 complex, and a TEP-FeCl 2 complex and/or a TEP-FeCl 3 complex, and is subjected to thermal oxidation to generate a second, aqueous waste stream containing at least one of hydrogen chloride (HCl), FeCl 3 and/or FeCl 2 , and H 3 PO 4 . The second waste stream is exposed to a base to generate a precipitate including at least one insoluble compound selected from the group consisting of FePO 4 , Fe(OH) 3 , and Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , and the precipitate is separated from the second waste stream to produce a liquid phase including only trace amounts of iron and phosphate ions.
1. A process for the removal of iron and phosphate ions from a waste stream, comprising the steps of:
providing an aqueous waste stream containing H 3 PO 4 , and at least one of hydrogen chloride (HCl), FeCl 3 , FeCl 2 , and water;
exposing the waste stream to a base to generate a precipitate including at least one insoluble compound selected from the group consisting of FePO 4 , and Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and optionally Fe(OH) 3 , and
separating the precipitate from the waste stream.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein following said separation step, the waste stream is a liquid phase including CaCl 2 ) and at least one of the following:
less than 500 ppm of iron ions; and
less than 500 ppm phosphate ions.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein following said separation step, the waste stream is a liquid phase including CaCl 2 ) and at least one of the following:
less than 10 ppm of iron ions; and
less than 10 ppm phosphate ions.
4. A process for the removal of iron and phosphate ions from a waste stream, comprising the steps of:
providing an aqueous waste stream containing H 3 PO 4 , and at least one of hydrogen chloride (HCl), FeCl 3 , FeCl 2 , H 3 PO 4 , and water;
exposing the waste stream to a base to generate a precipitate including at least one insoluble compound selected from the group consisting of FePO 4 , Fe(OH) 3 , Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ;
separating the precipitate from the waste stream;
vaporizing liquid from the waste stream; and
recovering solid CaCl 2 .
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium oxide (CaO), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), and combinations thereof.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein following said exposing step, the pH of the waste stream is from 1 to 8.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein following said separation step, a molar ratio of iron ions to phosphate ions in the waste stream is from 1 to 10.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein following said separation step, a molar ratio of iron ions to phosphate ions in the waste stream is from 1 to 2.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein said separating step comprises separating the precipitate from the waste stream by at least one method selected from the group consisting of filtration, sedimentation, flocculation, centrifugal separation, and combinations thereof.
10. A process for the removal of iron and phosphate ions from a waste stream, comprising the steps of:
providing an organic-containing first waste stream containing at least one of chlorinated hydrocarbons, tributyl phosphate (TBP) and/or triethyl phosphate (TEP), iron, FeCl 2 and/or FeCl 3 , a TBP-FeCl 2 complex and/or a TBP-FeCl 3 complex, and a TEP-FeCl 2 complex and/or a TEP-FeCl 3 complex;
subjecting the first waste stream to thermal oxidation and addition of water to generate an aqueous second waste stream containing at least one of hydrogen chloride (HCl), FeCl 3 , FeCl 2 , H 3 PO 4 , and water;
exposing the second waste stream to a base to generate a precipitate including at least one insoluble compound selected from the group consisting of FePO 4 , Fe(OH) 3 , and Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ; and
separating the precipitate from the second waste stream.
11. The process of claim 10 , wherein following said separation step, the second waste stream is a liquid phase including CaCl 2 ) and at least one of the following:
less than 500 ppm of iron ions; and
less than 500 ppm phosphate ions.
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein following said separation step, the second waste stream is a liquid phase including CaCl 2 ) and at least one of the following:
less than 10 ppm of iron ions; and
less than 10 ppm phosphate ions.
13. The process of claim 10 , further including the additional steps, following said separating step, of:
vaporizing liquid from the second waste stream; and
recovering solid CaCl 2 ).
14. The process of claim 10 , wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium oxide (CaO), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), and combinations thereof.
15. The process of claim 10 , wherein following said subjecting step, the second waste stream includes a total concentration of FeCl 3 and FeCl 2 of less than 20 wt. %.
16. The process of claim 10 , wherein following said subjecting step, the second waste stream includes a total concentration of H 3 PO 4 of less than 20 wt. %.
17. The process of claim 10 , wherein following said subjecting step, the second waste stream includes less than 40 wt. % of HCl.
18. The process of claim 10 , wherein following said separation step, a molar ratio of iron ions to phosphate ions in the second waste stream is from 1 to 10.
19. The process of claim 10 , wherein following said separation step, a molar ratio of iron ions to phosphate ions in the second waste stream is from 1 to 2.
20. The process of claim 10 , wherein said separating step comprises separating the precipitate from the second waste stream by at least one method selected from the group consisting of filtration, sedimentation, flocculation, centrifugal separation, and combinations thereof.