TITANIUM-MOLYBDATE AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME
A process for producing a titanium-molybdate material is provided. The process includes a step of reacting a metal molybdenum (Mo) material in a liquid medium with a first acid to provide a Mo composition and combining the Mo composition with a titanium source to provide a Ti—Mo composition. The Ti—Mo composition can be pH adjusted with a base to precipitate a plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
1 . A process for producing a titanium-molybdate (Ti—Mo), comprising:
reacting a metal molybdenum (Mo) material in a liquid medium with a first acid to provide a Mo composition;
combining the Mo composition with a titanium source to provide a Ti—Mo composition; and
pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition with a base to precipitate a plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
2 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the first acid comprises a mineral acid.
3 . The process of claim 2 , wherein the mineral acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, boric acid, hydrobromic acid, perchloric acid, hydroiodic acid, halogen acid, and a combination thereof.
4 . The process of claim 3 , wherein the mineral acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and a combination thereof.
5 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium comprises an aqueous medium.
6 . The process of claim 1 , wherein reacting the metal Mo material in the liquid medium with the first acid is performed at a molar ratio of the Mo material to the first acid in a range of about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.
7 . The process of claim 1 , wherein reacting the metal Mo material in the liquid medium with the first acid subjects the metal Mo material to oxidation, dissolution, or a combination of oxidation and dissolution.
8 . The process of claim 1 , wherein reacting the metal Mo material in the liquid medium with the first acid subjects a metal oxide formed from the reaction to oxidation, dissolution, or a combination of oxidation and dissolution.
9 . The process of claim 5 , further comprising controlling a temperature of the aqueous medium via addition of heat to the aqueous medium, removal of heat from the aqueous medium, or both.
10 . The process of claim 9 , wherein controlling the temperature of the aqueous medium comprises heating the aqueous medium above 25° C.
11 . The process of claim 9 , wherein controlling the temperature of the aqueous medium comprises maintaining the temperature of the aqueous medium below about 80° C.
12 . The process of claim 9 , wherein controlling the temperature of the aqueous medium comprises maintaining the temperature of the aqueous medium below about 70° C.
13 . The process of claim 9 , wherein controlling the temperature of the aqueous medium comprises maintaining the temperature of the aqueous medium below about 60° C.
14 . The process of claim 9 , wherein controlling the temperature of the aqueous medium comprises maintaining the temperature of the aqueous medium below about 50° C.
15 . The process of claim 9 , wherein controlling the temperature of the aqueous medium comprising maintain the temperature of the aqueous medium below about 40° C.
16 . The process of claim 9 , further comprising agitating the metal Mo material and the aqueous medium during at least a portion of the reaction.
17 . The process of claim 16 , wherein agitating comprises mechanically mixing the metal Mo material and the aqueous medium.
18 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the titanium source comprises a titanium chloride.
19 . The process of claim 18 , wherein the titanium chloride comprises titanium(III) chloride (TiCl 3 ), titanium(II) chloride (TiCl 2 ), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4 ), or any combination thereof.
20 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of combining the Mo composition with the titanium source to provide the Ti—Mo composition comprises adding the titanium source to the Mo composition.
21 . The process of claim 1 , wherein combining the Mo composition with the titanium source is performed until a molar ratio of titanium to Mo of about 0.1:1 to about 10:1 is reached.
22 . The process of claim 20 , wherein adding the titanium source to the Mo composition comprises addition of the titanium source to the Mo composition in a form selected from the group consisting of a drop, spray, mist, and an combination thereof.
23 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of combining the Mo composition with the titanium source to provide the Ti—Mo composition further comprises adding a second acid to the Mo composition.
24 . The process of claim 23 , wherein the second acid comprises a mineral acid.
25 . The process of claim 23 , wherein the second acid comprises hydrochloric acid.
26 . The process of claim 23 , wherein adding the second acid occurs simultaneously with adding the titanium source to the Mo composition.
27 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the Ti—Mo composition comprises a final pH of about 3 or less at the end of the step of combining the Mo composition with the titanium source.
28 . The process of claim 1 , wherein pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition comprises adding the base to provide a pH in the range from about 4 to about 9.
29 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the base for pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition comprises ammonium hydroxide.
30 . The process of claim 1 , wherein pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition comprises adding the base to the Ti—Mo composition dropwise.
31 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising cooling the Ti—Mo composition during the step of pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition, subsequent to the step of pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition, or both.
32 . The process of claim 31 , wherein cooling the Ti—Mo composition comprises reducing the temperature of the Ti—Mo composition from between about 0° C. to about 20° C.
33 . The process of claim 31 , wherein cooling the Ti—Mo-99 composition comprises reducing the temperature of the Ti—Mo composition from between about 3° C. to about 10° C.
34 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising separating the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates from the liquid medium.
35 . The process of claim 34 , wherein separating the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates from the liquid medium comprises filtering the Ti—Mo composition to retain at least most of the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
36 . The process of claim 35 , wherein filtering the Ti—Mo composition comprises utilization of a metal filtering surface.
37 . The process of claim 36 , wherein at least most of the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates are retained on the metal filtering surface.
38 . The process of claim 34 wherein the Ti—Mo composition comprises a temperature from between about 0° C. to about 20° C. during the step of separating the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates from the liquid medium.
39 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising subjecting the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates to heat energy.
40 . The process of claim 39 , wherein subjecting the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates to heat energy comprises exposing the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates to infrared radiation.
41 . The process of claim 40 , wherein the infrared radiation comprises a wavelength from about 700 nm to about 1400 nm.
42 . The process of claim 39 , wherein subjecting the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates to heat energy comprises exposing the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates to a sufficient amount of heat energy to crystallize a plurality of solid inorganic salts.
43 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates comprise a porous matrix and at least a portion of the plurality of solid inorganic salts reside internally within the porous matrix.
44 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising milling the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
45 . The process of claim 44 , wherein milling is performed subsequent to subjecting the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates to heat energy.
46 . The process of claim 44 , wherein milling comprises wet milling.
47 . The process of claim 44 , wherein the average size of the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates after milling is in a range of from about 10 microns to about 1275 microns.
48 . The process of claim 47 , wherein the average size of the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates after milling is in a range of from about 630 microns to about 1015 microns.
49 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising washing the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates with water.
50 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising drying the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
51 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising irradiating the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
52 . The process of claim 1 , further comprising irradiating a metal molybdenum target to provide the metal Mo material.
53 . The process of claim 52 , wherein the metal molybdenum target comprises a plurality of metal molybdenum discs, a tubular capsule component, or both.
54 . A titanium-molybdate prepared by the process according to claim 1 .
55 . A process for producing a titanium-molybdate (Ti—Mo), comprising:
oxidizing, in whole or in part, a metal molybdenum (Mo) material in a liquid medium with a first acid to provide a Mo composition;
combining the Mo composition with a titanium source to provide a Ti—Mo composition; and
pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition with a base to precipitate a plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
56 . A titanium-molybdate prepared by the process according to claim 55 .
57 . A process for producing a titanium-molybdate (Ti—Mo), comprising:
dissolving, in whole or in part, a metal molybdenum (Mo) material in a liquid medium with a first acid to provide a Mo composition;
combining the Mo composition with a titanium source to provide a Ti—Mo composition; and
pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition with a base to precipitate a plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
58 . A process for producing a titanium-molybdate (Ti—Mo), comprising:
combining a metal molybdenum (Mo) material in a liquid medium with a first acid to provide a Mo composition;
combining the Mo composition with a titanium source to provide a Ti—Mo composition; and
pH adjusting the Ti—Mo composition with a base to precipitate a plurality of Ti—Mo particulates.
59 . A titanium-molybdate (Ti—Mo) material, comprising:
a plurality Ti—Mo particulates comprising a structure including a plurality of pores, channels, or both; and
one or more inorganic salts present in the structure.
60 . The material of claim 59 , wherein the one or more inorganic salts comprise ammonium nitrate.
61 . The material of claim 59 , wherein the one or more inorganic salts are selected from the group consisting of ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium hydroxide, and a combination thereof.
62 . The material of claim 59 , wherein an average size of the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates is in a range of from about 10 microns to about 1275 microns.
63 . The material of claim 59 , wherein an average size of the plurality of Ti—Mo particulates is in a range of from about 630 microns to about 1015 microns.
64 . The material of claim 59 , wherein the Ti—Mo material comprises an eluting efficiency of 30% or greater.
65 . The material of claim 64 , wherein the Ti—Mo material comprises an eluting efficiency of 70% or greater.
66 . The material of claim 65 , wherein the Ti—Mo material comprises an eluting efficiency of 80% or greater.
67 . The material of claim 59 , wherein the Ti—Mo material is disposed in an elution column, and at least 90% of a total technetium content is released from the Ti—Mo material via passing an aqueous liquid through the Ti—Mo material.
68 . The material of claim 67 , wherein the aqueous liquid is selected from the group consisting of water, saline, dilute acid, and a combination thereof.
69 . A cask transfer case comprising the titanium-molybdate material of claim 59 .
70 . A system for production of technetium comprising an elution column having a volume of at least 3 mL and the titanium-molybdate material of claim 59 .
71 . The system according to claim 70 , wherein the elution column has a volume of greater than 3 mL.