Methods for hybridization based hook ligation
Provided herein are compositions, methods, and kits for enriching for one or more nucleic acid sequences of interest in a sample. The methods include providing a circular ligase, one or more 5′ hook probes and/or one or more 3′ hook probes and contacting the sample comprising the nucleic acids with the circular ligase and one or more 5′ hook probes and/or one or more 3′ hook probes under conditions to allow the hook probes to selectively bind to the one or more nucleic acid sequences of interest, and under conditions to form one or more hook products, each hook product comprising the hook probes and the one or more nucleic acid sequences of interest.
1. A method for producing a hook probe product comprising a nucleic acid sequence of interest, the method comprising
providing one or more 5′ hook probes each comprising (1) a hook region not complementary to the nucleic acid sequence of interest and (2) a single-stranded target-specific region complementary to the nucleic acid sequence of interest,
and one or more 3′ hook probes, each comprising (1) a hook region not complementary to the nucleic acid sequence of interest and (2) a single-stranded target-specific region complementary to the nucleic acid sequence of interest,
combining: a heterogeneous mixture of nucleic acid fragments comprising different nucleic acid sequences with the one or more 5′ hook probes and one or more 3′ hook probes, under conditions in which said the at least one or more 5′ hook probes and the at least one or more 3′ hook probes hybridize specifically to at least a first fragment in the heterogeneous mixture,
wherein the first fragment comprises the nucleic acid sequence of interest, and
ligating one of the 5′ hook probes to the 5′ terminus of the first fragment and ligating one of the 3′ hook probes to the 3′ terminus of the first fragment, thereby producing a hook probe product, wherein the hook probe product comprises the nucleic acid sequence of interest.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the hook region of each of the hook probes comprises a universal primer binding site, a unique molecular identifier, a sample barcode, a cell barcode, or any combination thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the nucleic acid fragments have an average length from 100 to 500 nucleotides.
4. The method of claim 1 comprising combining said heterogeneous mixture, said one or more hook probes, and a ligase under conditions in which said at least one hook probe specifically hybridizes to the first fragment and said terminus of the hook probe and the terminus of the first fragment ligate together, thereby producing the hook probe product.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more hook probes comprise multiple hook probes comprising different target specific regions of the same nucleic acid sequence of interest.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more hook probes comprise a first hook probe comprising a first target-specific region that specifically hybridizes to a first location in the nucleic acid sequence of interest and a second hook probe comprising a second target-specific region that specifically hybridizes to a second location in the nucleic acid sequence of interest.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more hook probes comprise one or more 5′ hook probes and the target-specific region specifically hybridizes to the nucleic acid sequence of interest at the 5′ terminus, or at a location from 1 to 200 nucleotides away from the 5′ terminus, of the nucleic acid sequence of interest.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more hook probes comprise one or more 3′ hook probes and the target-specific region specifically hybridizes to the nucleic acid sequence of interest at the 3′ terminus, or at a location from 1 to 200 nucleotides away from the 3′ terminus, of the nucleic acid sequence of interest.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising contacting the hook probe product with one or more exonucleases.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein said one or more exonucleases digest single stranded nucleic acids.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more hook probes comprise a 5′ hook probe that comprises a 3′—OH group, a 5′ blocking group, or both.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more hook probes comprise a 3′ hook probe that comprises a 5′-phosphate group, a 3′ blocking group, or both.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein each of said one or more hook probes comprise a restriction enzyme binding site.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising amplifying the nucleic acid sequence of interest.
15. The method of claim 1 comprising ligating together a terminus of the hook probe and a terminus of the first fragment using a circular ligase selected from the group consisting of TS2126 RNA ligase, an adenylated form of TS2126 RNA ligase, and MthRn1 ligase.
16. The method of claim 1 ,
wherein ligating is performed using a circular ligase.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the target specific region is selected from the group consisting of a specific sequence, a panel of specific sequences, and a random sequence.
18. A method of enrichment of a target DNA fragment comprising:
(a) producing a mixture of hook probe products by combining a mixture of genomic nucleic acid fragments with one or more hook 5′ probes and one or more 3′ probes of the method of claim 1 ; and then
(b) removing single-stranded genomic fragments from the mixture of hook probe products that are not ligated to any one of the 5′ and 3′ hook probes.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the single stranded fragments are removed in step (b) by adding to the mixture of hook probe products one or more exonucleases that digest single stranded nucleic acids.