Systems and methods for solvent-free delivery of volatile compounds
Provided are systems and methods for solvent-free delivery of volatile compounds, where an energy source is used to release the volatile compounds. The systems and methods provided herein have at least one advantage of (1) no solvent (for example water) is required; (2) immediate release of volatile compounds (for example 1-MCP can be released from HAIP within milliseconds or seconds instead of minutes or hours of the existing method using water); and/or (3) instantly starting and stopping the delivery of the volatile compound.
1. A solvent-free system for delivery of 1-methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP), comprising
1-MCP in a solid form;
an inlet in fluid communication with an outlet; and
a treatment compartment located between the inlet and the outlet, the treatment compartment comprising a block and a sample cup located on the block;
wherein the sample cup is heated to volatilize the 1-MCP in a solid form so that a gas that enters the treatment compartment through the inlet carries the 1-MCP out of the treatment compartment through the outlet.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the 1-MCP in a solid form is cyclopropene molecular complex is an inclusion complex.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the inclusion complex forms a cavity.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the 1-MCP is located within the cavity.
5. The system of claim 2 , wherein the inclusion complex comprises an agent selected from the group consisting of substituted cyclodextrins, unsubstituted cyclodextrins, crown ethers, zeolites, and combinations thereof.
6. The system of claim 2 , wherein the inclusion complex comprises a cyclodextrin.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the cyclodextrin is selected from the group consisting of alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, gamma-cyclodextrin, and combinations thereof.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the 1-MCP molecular complex comprises a molecular encapsulating agent.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the molecular encapsulating agent contains the 1-MCP or a portion of the 1-MCP.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions, or both cause the 1-MCP or portion thereof to remain within a cavity of the molecular encapsulating agent.
11. The system of claim 8 , wherein a ratio of moles of the molecular encapsulating agent to moles of the 1-MCP is 0.1 or larger.
12. The system of claim 8 , wherein a ratio of moles of the molecular encapsulating agent to moles of the 1-MCP is 1.5 or lower.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment compartment is selected from the group consisting of a thermal desorption tube, a glass bottle, a bag, an aluminum cup, and combinations thereof.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the block heats the sample cup by conduction.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the block heats the 1-MCP in solid form to a temperature between 100° C. and 300° C.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the sample cup is aluminum.
17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gas that enters the treatment compartment through the inlet is nitrogen.
18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gas that enters the treatment compartment through the inlet is at a temperature between 100° C. and 300° C.
19. The system of claim 17 , wherein the gas is inert.
20. The system of claim 18 , wherein the gas is helium.