SCALE SENSORS AND THE USE THEREOF

1 . A scale sensor comprising:

sensor electrodes including an uncoated porous metal working electrode and a counter electrode; and

an impedance analyzer electrically coupled to the sensor electrodes.

2 . The scale sensor of claim 1 , wherein the uncoated porous metal working electrode has a pore size of about 10 nanometers to about 100 microns, and a porosity of about 5% to about 50%.

3 . The scale sensor of claim 1 , wherein the uncoated porous metal working electrode has an effective surface area ratio versus a smooth surface of about 1:1 to about 10:1.

4 . The scale sensor of claim 1 , wherein the uncoated porous metal working electrode has a thickness of about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm.

5 . The scale sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a second working electrode, wherein the second working electrode has at least an average pore size or a porosity different from that of the uncoated porous metal working electrode.

6 . The scale sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a second working electrode, wherein the second working electrode is the same as the uncoated porous metal working electrode.

7 . The scale sensor of claim 6 , wherein the second working electrode and the uncoated porous metal working electrode are configured such that the second working electrode and the uncoated porous metal working electrode work alternatingly.

8 . The scale sensor of claim 1 further comprising a reference electrode.

9 . A scale detecting assembly comprising:

a connector that is configured to be coupled to a tubular member;

an electrode adapter mounted on the connector; and

an electrode seal disposed in the electrode adaptor; the electrode seal carrying an uncoated porous metal electrode and a counter electrode.

10 . The scale detecting assembly of claim 9 , further comprising an impedance analyzer electrically coupled to the uncoated porous metal electrode and the counter electrode.

11 . The scale detecting assembly of claim 10 , further comprising a control device coupled to the impedance analyzer, wherein the control device is effective to control a dosage of a scale inhibitor applied to a monitored fluid.

12 . A flow assembly comprising:

a tubular member; and

a scale detecting assembly of claim 9 , wherein the connector is coupled to the tubular member.

13 . A method of monitoring scale deposition, the method comprising:

placing an uncoated porous metal working electrode and a counter electrode in a fluid to be monitored; and

monitoring scale deposition on the uncoated porous metal working electrode using an impedance analyzer electrically coupled to the uncoated porous metal working electrode and the counter electrode.

14 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising adjusting a dosage of a scale inhibitor added to the fluid based on a result obtained from monitoring scale deposition on the uncoated porous metal working electrode.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein adjusting the dosage of the scale inhibitor comprises changing a speed setting of a scale inhibitor injection pump.

16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the uncoated porous metal working electrode has a pore size of about 10 nanometers to about 100 microns, and a porosity of about 5% to about 50%.

17 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising placing a second working electrode in the fluid to be monitored, wherein the second working electrode is the same as the uncoated porous metal working electrode, and the uncoated porous metal working electrode and the second working electrode work alternatingly.

18 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the second working electrode and the porous working electrode have a different average pore size, a different porosity, or a combination thereof to attract different scale species in the fluid.

19 . The method of claim 18 , further comprising choosing a scale inhibitor based on a feedback about the scale species in the monitored fluid.