Separation using angled acoustic waves
Methods and systems for separating material from a host fluid use an acoustophoresis device. These methods and systems can deflect material (e.g., a second fluid, cells, beads or other particles, exosomes, viruses, oil droplets) in host fluid streams at high flow rates.
1. A method of separating material from a host fluid, comprising:
flowing an initial mixture of the host fluid and the material via an inlet into an acoustophoretic device at a flow rate, the acoustophoretic device including:
an acoustic chamber communicating with the inlet;
an ultrasonic transducer coupled to the chamber and arranged to be excited to produce a bulk acoustic wave at an angle with a mean direction of flow of the initial mixture;
controlling a ratio of acoustic radiation force produced by the ultrasonic transducer and a viscous drag force of the initial mixture to cause a first subgroup of the material passing through the acoustic wave to deflect at an angle that is different than that of a second subgroup of the material, to thereby permit the first and second subgroups to be separated.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising controlling the ratio by controlling one or more of the angle, the flow rate, a frequency of excitation of the ultrasonic transducer or power supplied to the ultrasonic transducer.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising controlling the ratio in a range that is determined by characteristics of subgroups of materials in the mixture to be separated.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising controlling the ratio based on characteristics of one or more subgroups.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising controlling the ratio based on one or more of material size, density, compressibility or acoustic contrast factor.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material further includes a third subgroup that is different from the first subgroup and the second subgroup, and controlling the ratio further comprises causing the third subgroup to deflect at an angle that is different than that of the first subgroup or the second subgroup.