Metalization of flexible polymer sheets
A conductive grid formation system, apparatus, and related methods may include a drum having a conductive surface, an insulation layer coating said surface, and a grid pattern formed in the insulation layer to expose portions of the conductive surface. The drum surface may be rotated into and out of a chemical bath, such that a metallic grid is electrodeposited in the exposed portions of the conductive surface. A polymer sheet may be laminated to the surface of the drum and then removed, such that the metallic grid attaches to the polymer sheet and is removed with the polymer sheet. Heat, pressure, and/or adhesive may be utilized in various steps of the process, to facilitate preferential adhesion of the metallic grid to the polymer sheet.
1. A method of manufacturing a patterned cylinder, comprising:
impinging a laser on a surface of an electrically conductive cylinder to create a pattern of microscopic fissures on the surface; and
applying an electrically insulating coating to the cylinder, wherein the coating is patterned to expose portions of the surface of the cylinder corresponding to a grid pattern to be formed.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the grid pattern is configured as one or more electrical circuits for one or more photovoltaic cells.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrically insulating coating is formed from a synthetic fluoropolymer.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the laser is a pulsed laser, and impinging the laser on the surface includes scanning the laser over the surface.
5. A method of manufacturing a patterned drum, comprising:
roughening an electrically conductive surface of a drum by scanning a pulsed laser over the surface;
applying a synthetic fluoropolymer coating to the drum; and
patterning the synthetic fluoropolymer coating to expose areas of the conductive surface of the drum corresponding to a predetermined grid pattern.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein patterning the synthetic fluoropolymer coating to expose areas of the conductive surface of the drum includes using a laser to selectively remove portions of the synthetic fluoropolymer coating.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the grid pattern is configured as one or more electrical circuits for photovoltaic cells.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the grid pattern corresponds to a conductive grid configured to electrically interconnect pairs of adjacent photovoltaic cells.
9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the synthetic fluoropolymer coating is formed from a material chosen from the set consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) and a parylene polymer.
10. The method of claim 5 , further comprising applying a release layer to the exposed areas of the conductive surface.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the release layer is formed from a material chosen from the set consisting of chromium, nickel-teflon, nickel boron nitride and chromium-polymer.
12. A method of manufacturing a patterned surface, comprising:
providing an electrically conductive surface which has been laser roughened; and
partially covering the electrically conductive surface with a synthetic fluoropolymer coating, wherein an uncovered portion of the conductive surface corresponds to a grid pattern.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein partially covering the conductive surface with a synthetic fluoropolymer coating includes:
partially masking a portion of the conductive surface with a masking agent, wherein a masked portion of the conductive surface corresponds to the uncovered portion of the conductive surface;
applying the synthetic fluoropolymer coating to the conductive surface; and
removing the masking agent.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein partially covering the conductive surface with a synthetic fluoropolymer coating includes:
applying the synthetic fluoropolymer coating to the conductive surface; and
using a laser to etch the grid pattern in the synthetic fluoropolymer coating.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the electrically conductive surface is cylindrical.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the conductive surface includes a pattern of microscopic fissures.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the synthetic fluoropolymer coating is formed from a material chosen from the set consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) and a parylene polymer.
18. The method of claim 12 , wherein the synthetic fluoropolymer coating is a nonstick polytetrafluoroethylene-based coating.