Multi-eye lidar system
A lidar system operating in a vehicle comprising a first eye configured to scan a first field of regard and a second eye configured to scan a second field of regard. Each of the first eye and the second eye includes a respective optical element configured to output a beam of light, a respective scan mirror configured to scan the beam of light along a vertical dimension of the respective field of regard, and a respective receiver configured to detect scattered light from the beam of light. The field of regard of the lidar system includes the first field of regard and the second field of regard, combined along a horizontal dimension of the first field of regard and the second field of regard.
1. A lidar system operating in a vehicle, the lidar system comprising:
a first eye configured to scan a first field of regard, the first eye including:
a first optical element configured to output a first beam of light, and
a first receiver configured to detect scattered light from the first beam of light;
a second eye configured to scan a second field of regard, the second eye including:
a second optical element configured to output a second beam of light, and
a second receiver configured to detect scattered light from the second beam of light;
a planar mirror shared by the first eye and the second eye, wherein the planar mirror is configured to pivot around a planar-mirror pivot axis to scan the first beam of light along a vertical dimension of the first field of regard and to scan the second beam of light along a vertical dimension of the second field of regard, and wherein the first beam of light is incident on a first region on a reflective surface of the planar mirror, and the second beam of light is incident on a second region on the reflective surface of the planar mirror; and
a polygon mirror with a plurality of reflective surfaces angularly offset from one another along a periphery of the polygon mirror, the polygon mirror configured to:
receive the first beam of light from the first optical element and reflect the first beam to the first region on the reflective surface of the planar mirror, to scan the first beam along a horizontal dimension of the first field of regard, and
receive the second beam of light from the second optical element and reflect the second beam to the second region on the reflective surface of the planar mirror, to scan the second beam along a horizontal dimension of the second field of regard,
wherein the first beam and the second beam are incident on different ones of the plurality of reflective surfaces, and
wherein a field of regard of the lidar system includes the first field of regard and the second field of regard, combined along the horizontal dimension of the first field of regard and the horizontal dimension of the second field of regard.
2. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard are adjacent to each other along the horizontal dimension with no overlap.
3. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first field of regard partially overlaps the second field of regard to define a region of overlap.
4. The lidar system of claim 3 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard combine to define an angular span of approximately 120 degrees of the field of regard of lidar system, with the region of overlap spanning from 1 to 15 degrees.
5. The lidar system of claim 3 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard are offset by half a pixel to double information density in the region of overlap.
6. The lidar system of claim 3 , further comprising a controller configured to determine at least one of (i) an extent of overlap between the first and second fields of regard, or (ii) a direction along which the region of overlap is approximately centered.
7. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first beam of light is associated with a first wavelength, and the second beam of light is associated with a second wavelength.
8. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical element is a first collimator coupled to a shared laser via a first optical link, and the second optical element is a second collimator coupled to the shared laser via a second optical link.
9. The lidar system of claim 8 , wherein the shared laser comprises a pulsed laser diode and an optical amplifier.
10. The lidar system of claim 9 , wherein the optical amplifier comprises one or more fiber amplifiers.
11. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical element is a first laser, and the second optical element is a second laser configured to operate separately and independently of the first second laser.
12. The lidar system of claim 11 , wherein the first laser comprises a first direct-emitter laser diode, and the second laser comprises a second direct-emitter laser diode.
13. The lidar system of claim 11 , wherein the first laser comprises a first pulsed laser diode and a first optical amplifier, and the second laser comprises a second pulsed laser diode and a second optical amplifier.
14. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first beam and the second beam are incident on non-adjacent reflective surfaces of the polygon mirror.
15. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first eye and the second eye are configured to scan the first beam of light and the second beam of light, respectively, along a same scan pattern offset so as to maintain angular separation between the first beam of light and the second beam of light.
16. The lidar system of claim 1 , further comprising a shared housing enclosing the first eye and the second eye.
17. The lidar system of claim 16 , wherein the shared housing includes:
a first window via which the first eye scans the first field of regard, and
a second window via which the second eye scans the second field of regard,
wherein the first window and the second window are angularly offset from each other.
18. The lidar system of claim 16 , wherein the shared housing includes a shared window via which the first eye and the second eye scan the respective fields of regard.
19. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first eye operates in a first sensor head enclosed within a first housing, and the second eye operates in a second sensor head enclosed within a second housing.
20. The lidar system of claim 1 , further comprising a controller configured to construct a point cloud using data received from the first receiver and the second receiver.
21. The lidar system of claim 1 , further comprising an electric motor configured to rotate the polygon mirror in one direction about a polygon-mirror rotation axis.
22. The lidar system of claim 1 , wherein the first beam and the second beam are incident on adjacent reflective surfaces of the polygon mirror.
23. An autonomous vehicle comprising:
one or more components configured to maneuver the autonomous vehicle;
a lidar system comprising:
a first eye to scan a first field of regard using a first beam of light,
a second eye to scan a second field of regard using a second beam of light,
a planar mirror configured to pivot around a planar-mirror pivot axis to scan the first beam of light along a vertical dimension of the first field of regard and to scan the second beam of light along a vertical dimension of the second field of regard, and wherein the first beam of light is incident on a first region on a reflective surface of the planar mirror, and the second beam of light is incident on a second region on the reflective surface of the planar mirror, and
a polygon mirror with a plurality of reflective surfaces angularly offset from one another along a periphery of the polygon mirror, the polygon mirror configured to:
receive the first beam of light and reflect the first beam to the first region on the reflective surface of the planar mirror, to scan the first beam along a horizontal dimension of the first field of regard, and
receive the second beam of light and reflect the second beam to the second region on the reflective surface of the planar mirror, to scan the second beam along a horizontal dimension of the second field of regard,
wherein the first beam and the second beam are incident on different ones of the plurality of reflective surfaces, and
wherein a field of regard of the lidar system includes the first field of regard and the second field of regard combined along the horizontal dimension of the first field of regard and the horizontal dimension of the second field of regard, and wherein the lidar system is configured to detect light from the first beam and the second beam, scattered by one or more remote targets, and generate pixels for a point cloud based on the detected light; and
a vehicle controller configured to provide control signals to the one or more components to maneuver the autonomous vehicle, based at least in part on the point cloud generated from the lidar system.
24. The autonomous vehicle of claim 23 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard are adjacent to each other along the horizontal dimension with no overlap.
25. The autonomous vehicle of claim 23 , wherein the first field of regard partially overlaps the second field of regard to define a region of overlap.
26. The autonomous vehicle of claim 25 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard combine to define an angular span of approximately 120 degrees of the field of regard of lidar system, with the region of overlap spanning from 1 to 15 degrees.
27. The autonomous vehicle of claim 25 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard are offset by half a pixel to double information density in the region of overlap.
28. The autonomous vehicle of claim 25 , wherein the lidar system includes a controller configured to determine at least one of (i) an extent of overlap between the first and second fields of regard, or (ii) a direction along which the region of overlap is approximately centered.
29. The autonomous vehicle of claim 25 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard overlap angularly.
30. The autonomous vehicle of claim 25 , wherein the first field of regard and the second field of regard overlap translationally.