In-situ hydrogen sulfide mitigation
View Patent ↗A method of reducing an amount of a sulfur-containing compound in a reservoir fluid includes contacting a treatment fluid comprising an aqueous medium and an enzymatic scavenger with a precipitating fluid to precipitate the enzymatic scavenger; contacting the precipitated enzymatic scavenger with the reservoir fluid comprising the sulfur-containing compound; and reducing a number of the sulfur-containing compound in the reservoir fluid.
1. A method of reducing an amount of a sulfur-containing compound in a reservoir fluid, the method comprising:
contacting a treatment fluid comprising an aqueous medium and an enzymatic scavenger with a precipitating fluid to precipitate the enzymatic scavenger in a subterranean formation;
contacting the precipitated enzymatic scavenger with the reservoir fluid comprising the sulfur-containing compound; and
reducing the amount of the sulfur-containing compound in the reservoir fluid,
wherein the precipitating fluid comprises water and a salt dissolved in the water, the salt is ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, zinc bromide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; or
the precipitating fluid comprises an organic solvent which is an alcohol; or
the precipitating fluid comprises water, the salt, and the organic solvent.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising conveying the treatment fluid and the precipitating fluid into the subterranean formation.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the precipitated enzymatic scavenger is deposited on a surface of the subterranean formation.
4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising applying a shut-in period after the treatment fluid and the precipitating fluid are conveyed into the subterranean formation.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reservoir fluid is a production fluid produced from the subterranean formation.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising flowing the production fluid from the subterranean formation into a wellbore.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the production fluid contacts the precipitated enzymatic scavenger as the production fluid flows from the subterranean formation into the wellbore to reduce an amount of the sulfur-containing compound in the production fluid.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reservoir fluid is a liquefied petroleum gas, a crude oil, a petroleum residual fuel, a heating oil, a drilling fluid, a servicing fluid, a production fluid, a completion fluid, a refinery fluid, wastewater, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the precipitating fluid comprises water and the salt.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the salt is present in an amount of about 10 wt % to about 60 wt %, based on a total weight of the precipitating fluid.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the precipitating fluid comprises water and the salt, wherein the salt is ammonium sulfate, and the ammonium sulfate is present at about 10 to about 60 wt. % based on a total weight of the precipitating fluid.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the precipitating fluid comprises the organic solvent.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the organic solvent is a C 1-5 alcohol, glycerol, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the organic solvent is methanol and the precipitating fluid comprises about 10 to about 60 volume percent of the methanol based on a total volume of the precipitating fluid.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzymatic scavenger is present in an amount of about 0.05 ppm to 10,000 ppm based on the total weight of the treatment fluid.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzymatic scavenger comprises a cysteine synthase enzyme, a sulfide quinone reductase enzyme, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; the cysteine synthase enzyme is at least 75% homologous to the cDNA sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, and the sulfide quinone reductase is at least 75% homologous to the cDNA sequence of SEQ ID NO:2.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treatment fluid further comprises one or more of the following: a pyridoxal phosphate; O-acetylserine; dithothreitol; coenzyme Q10; plastoquinone; or vitamin K2.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising conveying the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation; and conveying the precipitating fluid into the subterranean formation subsequent to conveying the treatment fluid.
19. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pumping the treatment fluid at a pressure that is less than a formation fracturing pressure to squeeze the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation; and
conveying the precipitating fluid into the subterranean formation subsequent to conveying the treatment fluid.