Catalyst preparation method
A method is described for preparing a catalyst comprising the steps of (i) preparing a calcined shaped calcium aluminate catalyst support, (ii) treating the calcined shaped calcium aluminate support with water, and then drying the support, (iii) impregnating the dried support with a solution containing one or more metal compounds and drying the impregnated support, (iv) calcining the dried impregnated support, to form metal oxide on the surface of the support and (v) optionally repeating steps (ii), (iii) and (iv) on the metal oxide coated support. The method provides an eggshell catalyst in which the metal oxide is concentrated in an outer layer on the support.
1. A process for steam reforming a hydrocarbon, comprising contacting a mixture of hydrocarbon and steam with an eggshell catalyst comprising an outer eggshell layer of nickel oxide having a thickness of 1000 microns or less on the surface of a calcined, shaped calcium aluminate cement support.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the calcium aluminate support comprises calcium aluminate cement powder and at least one of alumina or lime.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the egg shell catalyst further comprises an alkali metal oxide.
4. The process of claim 1 , the support is in the form of a shaped pellet or extrudate.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the support is in the form of a cylindrical pellet having between 1 and 12 holes extending there-through.
6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the support is in the form of a cylindrical pellet having between 1 and 12 holes extending there-through and between 2 and 20 flutes or lobes.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the support has 4 holes extending there-though and 4 lobes.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein nickel oxide content of the catalyst is in the range of from 2 wt % to 25% wt.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the nickel oxide is concentrated within the eggshell layer and not uniformly distributed within the calcined, shaped calcium aluminate cement support.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the steam reforming is primary steam reforming or secondary reforming of a primary reformed gas mixture.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises methane or naphtha.
12. The process of claim 1 , which is performed with an outlet temperature in the range of from 700 to 1100° C.
13. The process of claim 1 , which is performed at a pressure up to 120 bar abs.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the steam is present in the mixture of hydrocarbon and steam in the range of 1.5 to 6 moles of steam per gram atom of carbon in the hydrocarbon.
15. A process for methanating a hydrogen gas stream containing CO and CO 2 in amounts in the range of from 0.1 to 0.5% vol, comprising contacting the hydrogen gas stream at a temperature in the range of from 230 to 450° C. with a an eggshell catalyst comprising an outer eggshell layer of nickel oxide having a thickness of 1000 microns or less on the surface of a calcined, shaped calcium aluminate cement support.
16. The process of claim 15 , which is performed at a pressure up to 250 bar abs.