Mechanical processing of high aspect ratio metallic tubing and related technology
Tubes for use in ultrahigh pressure devices, and associated systems and methods of manufacture are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a metal tube includes an elongate bore having a circular transverse cross-sectional shape. The metal tube also includes an elongate wall extending around the bore and having an annular transverse cross-sectional shape with an inner surface closest to the bore, an outer surface furthest from the bore, and a wall thickness extending from the inner surface to the outer surface. An inner portion of the wall is under swage-autofrettage-induced overall compressive stress.
1. A method of performing swage autofrettage on a pressure vessel, the pressure vessel consisting of a single-piece elongate metal tube, the method comprising:
longitudinally aligning an elongate pushrod, a mandrel, and the single-piece elongate metal tube having a longitudinal bore and an annular wall extending around the bore, wherein a ratio of a length of the elongate metal tube to an inside diameter of the elongate metal tube is at least 90, and wherein the mandrel is either separate from the pushrod or part of the pushrod;
gripping a portion of a side surface of the tube;
gripping a portion of a side surface of the pushrod; and
decreasing a distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod to advance the mandrel distally within the bore, thereby
expanding an inner diameter of the bore without expanding an outer diameter of the tube,
inducing residual longitudinal and tangential compressive stress at an inner portion of the wall, and
inducing residual longitudinal and tangential tensile stress at an outer portion of the wall.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes applying traction to the side surface of the pushrod to feed the pushrod into the bore.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes applying traction to the side surface of the tube to feed the tube over the pushrod.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes simultaneously applying traction to the side surface of the tube and applying traction to the side surface of the pushrod to simultaneously feed the pushrod into the bore and feed the tube over the pushrod.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein:
gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes contacting an outwardly facing surface of a belt and the portion of the side surface of the tube; and
gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod while moving the belt along a looped path decreases the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein:
gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes contacting an outwardly facing surface of a roller and the portion of the side surface of the tube; and
gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod while rotating the roller decreases the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod at a distalmost third of a length of the pushrod outside the bore.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the bore has an inner diameter less than 0.2 inch; and
decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod by at least three feet.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the bore has an inner diameter less than 0.25 inch; and
decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod by at least five feet.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein gripping the portion of the side surface of the tube includes clamping the portion of the side surface of the tube to secure the tube in a fixed position.
11. A method of performing swage autofrettage on a pressure vessel, the pressure vessel consisting of a single-piece elongate metal tube, the method comprising:
advancing a mandrel distally within a bore of the single-piece elongate tube by at least one of feeding an elongate pushrod into the bore or feeding the tube over the pushrod, wherein the mandrel is either separate from the pushrod or part of the pushrod, and wherein the elongate tube has an aspect ratio of a length of the elongate tube to an inner diameter of the elongate tube of at least 90; and
longitudinally and radially dislocating first metal microstructures at an inner portion of a wall of the tube without longitudinally and radially dislocating second metal microstructures at an outer portion of the wall.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein longitudinally and radially dislocating the first metal microstructures includes longitudinally and radially dislocating the first metal microstructures throughout a full length of the tube.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
inducing residual longitudinal and tangential compressive stress at the inner portion of the wall; and
inducing residual longitudinal and tangential tensile stress at the outer portion of the wall.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
inducing residual longitudinal and tangential compressive stress at the inner portion of the wall substantially uniformly throughout a full length of the tube; and
inducing residual longitudinal and tangential tensile stress at the outer portion of the wall substantially uniformly throughout the full length of the tube.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
gripping a portion of a side surface of the tube; and
gripping a portion of a side surface of the pushrod,
wherein advancing the mandrel distally within the bore includes advancing the mandrel distally within the bore by decreasing a distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein:
gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes contacting an outwardly facing surface of a belt and the portion of the side surface of the tube; and
decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes moving the belt along a looped path.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein:
gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes contacting an outwardly facing surface of a roller and the portion of the side surface of the tube; and
decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes rotating the roller.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes gripping the portion of the side surface of the pushrod at a distalmost third portion of the pushrod outside the bore.
19. The method of claim 15 wherein:
the bore has an inner diameter less than 0.2 inch; and
decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod by at least three feet.
20. The method of claim 15 wherein:
the bore has an inner diameter less than 0.25 inch; and
decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod includes decreasing the distance between the portion of the side surface of the tube and the portion of the side surface of the pushrod by at least five feet.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein the tube is configured to convey liquid having at pressures from atmosphere up to 60,000 psi.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tube is configured to withstand pressurization cycles from atmospheric pressure to 60,000 psi.
23. The method of claim 11 wherein the tube is configured to convey liquid having at pressures from atmosphere up to 60,000 psi.
24. The method of claim 11 , wherein the tube is configured to withstand pressurization cycles from atmospheric pressure to 60,000 psi.