Block mapping systems and methods for storage device
An overlaid erase block (EB) mapping scheme for a flash memory provides efficient wear-leveling and reduces mount operation latency. The overlaid EB mapping scheme maps a first type of EB onto one of a plurality of physical erase blocks, in a corresponding portion of the flash memory. The first type of EB includes a plurality of pointers. The overlaid EB mapping scheme also maps each of second and third types of EBs onto one of the physical EBs that is not mapped to the first type of EB. The second type of EBs store system management information and the third type of EBs store user data. When the flash memory is started up, the overlaid EB mapping scheme scans the corresponding portion to locate the first type of EB, locates the system EBs using the pointers, and locates the data EBs using the system management information.
1. A storage device, comprising:
a plurality of physical erase blocks (EBs), physically configured into a first area and a different second area, the physical EBs including:
a plurality of data EBs configured to store data from a user of the storage device;
at least one first system EB configured to store system management information for the data EBs; and
at least one second system EB configured to store metadata including a physical address for the at least one first system EB for locating the at least one first system EB; and
a memory mapping module configured to, in at least a startup operation of the storage device, scan the first area and not the second area, wherein:
the at least one second system EB is restricted to the first area;
the at least one first system EB and data EBs are not restricted to the first area; and
the EBs are block erasable.
2. The storage device of claim 1 , wherein the storage device is a storage drive for a computer system.
3. The storage device of claim 1 , wherein the physical EBs comprise flash memory.
4. The storage device of claim 1 , wherein the memory mapping module is further configured to, upon locating the second system EB, locating the at least one first system EB with the metadata.
5. The storage device of claim 1 , wherein:
the plurality of physical EBs further includes
a plurality of the first system EBs,
the second system EB including first metadata, and
at least one third system EB that includes second metadata; wherein
the at least one third system EB is not restricted to the first area.
6. The storage device of claim 5 , further including:
a memory mapping module configured to, in at least a startup operation of the storage device,
scan the subset of physical EBs having the predetermined physical mapping to locate the second system EB,
locate the at least one third system EB using the first metadata of the second system EB, and
locate the first system EBs using the second metadata from the at least one third system EB.
7. The storage device of claim 1 , wherein:
the data EBs, first system EBs and second system EBs each have a logical mapping to corresponding physical EBs.
8. A method of operating a storage device, comprising:
providing a plurality of physical erase blocks (EBs), each physical EB including a plurality of nonvolatile memory cells erasable as a block, the EBs physically configured into a first area and a second area; and
by operation of a memory mapping module of the storage device,
scanning only the first area for a second system EB, the second EB being restricted to the first area,
locating first system EBs using metadata, including physical addresses for the system EBs from the second system EB,
locating data EBs using system data from the first system EBs to make user data stored in the storage device available to a user; wherein
the first system EBs and data EBs can be located within or outside of the first area, and
the first system EBs do not store user data from the user.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the storage device is a storage drive for a computer system.
10. The storage device of claim 8 , wherein the physical EBs comprise flash memory.
11. The method of claim 8 wherein the scanning of only the first area is performed in a startup operation of the storage device.
12. The method claim 8 , wherein locating the first system EBs using metadata from the second system EB includes
locating third system EBs using metadata from the second system EB, and
locating the first system EBs using metadata from the third system EBs.
13. A system, comprising:
at least one processor;
at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor by a communication infrastructure;
at least one storage device coupled to the communication infrastructure and including a plurality of physical erase blocks (EB) that each include nonvolatile memory cells configured to be erased together, the physical EBs physically configured into an overlay region and a non-overlay region, and including
a plurality of data EBs configured to store data from a user,
first system EBs configured to store system management information for the data EBs and not store data from the user, and
at least one second system EB configured to store metadata for locating the first system EBs including physical addresses for the first system EBs; wherein
the at least one second system EB is restricted to the overlay region, and
the data EBs and first system EBs are not restricted to the overlay region and
a memory mapping module configured to, in a predetermined operation;
scan only the overlay region for the second system EB,
locate the first system EBs using metadata from the at least one second system EB, and
locate data EBs using system data from the first system EBs to make data stored in the storage device available to a user of the system.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein:
the physical EBs further include at least one third system EBs configured to store metadata for locating the at least one second system EBs; and
the memory mapping module is configured to, in the predetermined operation,
locate the at least one second system EBs using metadata from the at least one third system EB, and
locate the first EBs using metadata from the at least one second system EB.