Ligand functionalized polymers
Ligand functionalized substrates, methods of making ligand functionalized substrates, and methods of using functionalized substrates are disclosed.
1. A complex comprising:
a) a water-soluble or water-dispersible aminopolymer functionalized with pendent or catenary guanidinyl groups; and
b) a neutral or negatively charged target biological species in a biological fluid,
wherein 2 to 10 mole percent of the available amino groups of the aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups are alkylated and/or acylated.
2. The complex of claim 1 wherein the complex is a precipitated solid.
3. The complex of claim 1 wherein the aminopolymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylenimine, polylysine, polyaminoamides, polyallylamine, polyvinylamine, polydimethylamine-epichlorohydrin-ethylenediamine, polyaminosiloxanes and dendrimers formed form polyamidoamine (PAMAM) and polypropylenimine.
4. The complex of claim 1 wherein the aminopolymer is polyethylenimine or polyallylamine.
5. The complex of claim 1 wherein the target biological species is cells or cell debris.
6. The complex of claim 1 wherein the target biological species protein or enzyme.
7. The complex of claim 1 wherein the target biological species comprises antibodies.
8. The complex of claim 2 wherein the salt concentration of the biological fluid is between 0 and 300 millimolar.
9. The complex of claim 2 wherein the salt concentration of fluid is between 150 to 300 millimolar.
10. The complex of claim 2 wherein the salt concentration of the fluid is at least 150 mM.
11. The complex of claim 1 wherein the amount of aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups relative to the amount of target biological species is 0.01% to 100% by weight.
12. The complex of claim 11 wherein the amount of aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups relative to the amount of target biological species is 0.1%-10% by weight.
13. The complex of claim 1 wherein the aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups is present in amounts of 0.01 to 5000 micrograms/mL of fluid.
14. The complex according to claim 1 , wherein the complex precipitates from the fluid.
15. The complex of claim 1 wherein at least some of the aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups is of the formula:
wherein
R 2 is a H, C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 5 -C 12 (hetero)aryl, or a residue of the polymer chain;
each R 3 is independently H, C 1 -C 12 alkyl, or C 5 -C 12 (hetero)aryl, each R 4 is H, C 1 -C 12 alkyl or alkylene, C 5 -C 12 (hetero)aryl or (hetero)arylene, cyano, or —C(═NH)—N(R 2 )-Polymer, and
n is 1 or 2.