Lithium secondary battery
A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The anode includes an anode active material which contains a mixture of an artificial graphite and a natural graphite. A sphericity of the natural graphite is 0.96 or more. The lithium secondary battery including the anode has improved life-span and power properties.
1. A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
a cathode;
an anode comprising an anode active material comprised of a mixture of an artificial graphite and a natural graphite, wherein a sphericity of the natural graphite is 0.98 or more; and
a non-aqueous electrolyte,
wherein an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the natural graphite is in a range from 9 μm to 14 μm, and a mixing weight ratio of the natural graphite and the artificial graphite is in a range from 9:1 to 1:1; and
an anode expansion rate represented by Equation 1 below is 20% or less:
anode expansion rate (%)=100×( T 2 - T 1 )/( T 1 ) [Equation 1]
wherein T 1 is a thickness of the anode at 0% state of charge (SOC), and T 2 is a thickness of the anode at 100% SOC; and
wherein a pellet density change rate of the natural graphite which is represented by Equation 2 is 0.06 or less:
Pellet density change rate=( Da - Db )/( a - b ) [Equation 2]
wherein Da represents a pellet density (g/cc) measured by inputting 2.5 g of the natural graphite in a hole with a 1 cm diameter and then applying a pressure of 8 kN for 5 seconds, Db represents a pellet density measured by applying a pressure of 1 kN for 5 seconds, a represents 8 kN and b represents 1 kN.
2. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein a half value width in a particle size distribution of the natural graphite is 10 μm or less.
3. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein a half value width in a particle size distribution of the natural graphite is 9 μm or less.
4. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the natural graphite includes a carbide layer coated thereon.