Methods for cross-linking thermoplastic polyurethane covers for golf balls
Golf balls having covers made of thermoplastic polyurethane compositions are provided. Multi-piece golf balls can be made. In one embodiment, the outer cover layer is formed from a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and epoxy compound. Mixtures of multi-functional amines and imines, and multi-functional isocyanates, and epoxy curing agents; and solvent, can be applied to the outer cover. The resulting coating may contain polyurethanes, polyureas, and hybrids, copolymers, and blends thereof. The cover composition and surface coatings can further include catalysts, ultraviolet (UV)-light stabilizers, and other additives. The coating methods have many benefits and the finished balls have good physical properties.
1. A method for treating a cover for a golf ball, comprising the steps of:
providing a golf ball sub-assembly comprising at least one core layer;
forming an outer cover layer over the sub-assembly, wherein the outer cover layer is formed from a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and multi-functional hydroxyl compound; and
applying a mixture comprising: i) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of multi-functional amines and imines, and multi-functional isocyanates; and ii) solvent, to the outer cover to form at least a partially cross-linked cover for the golf ball.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional hydroxyl compound is selected from the group consisting of polyether polyols, hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene, polyester polyols, polycaprolactone polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyl-functional acrylics, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, starch-based polymers, cellulosic polymers, polylactic acid, and mixtures thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional isocyanate is selected from the group consisting of 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; 2,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; toluene 2,4-diisocyanate; toluene 2,6-diisocyanate; 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate; p-phenylene diisocyanate; and isophorone diisocyanate; and homopolymers and copolymers and blends thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional imine is polyaziridine.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional amine is selected from the group consisting of diethylene toluene diamine, mono or di-isopropanolamine, methy diethanol amine, methylene-bis-chloro diethylaniline, and mixtures thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane composition further comprises an ultraviolet (UV) light stabilizer.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane composition further comprises a catalyst.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of dibutyl tin dilaurate, dibutyl tin acetylacetonate, dibutyl tin dibutoxide, dibutyl tin sulphide, dibutyl tin di-2-ethylhexanoate, dibutyl tin (IV) diacetate, dialkyltin (IV) oxide, tributyl tin laurylmercaptate, dibutyl tin dichloride, organo lead, tetrabutyl titanate, tertiary amines, mercaptides, stannous octoate, potassium octoate, zinc octoate, diazo compounds, and potassium acetate, and mixtures thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane is the reaction product of multi-functional polyisocyanate and polyol compounds and hydroxyl-terminated chain extender.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane is the reaction product of multi-functional polyisocyanate and polyol compounds and hydroxyl-terminated chain extender, and the chain extender is selected from the group consisting of 1,4-butylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, trimethylolpropane, and poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol; and mixtures thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sub-assembly comprises an inner core and surrounding outer core layer.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner core comprises at least one thermoset rubber material selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyalkenamer rubber, and mixtures thereof.
13. A golf ball having an outer cover produced by the method of claim 1 .
14. A method for forming a cover for a golf ball, comprising the steps of:
providing a golf ball sub-assembly comprising at least one core layer; and
forming an outer cover layer over the sub-assembly, wherein the outer cover layer is formed from a composition comprising: i) a thermoplastic polyurethane; ii) multi-functional hydroxyl compound; and iii) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of multi-functional amines and imines, and multi-functional isocyanates.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the multi-functional hydroxyl compound is selected from the group consisting of polyether polyols, hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene, polyester polyols, polycaprolactone polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyl-functional acrylics, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, starch-based polymers, cellulosic polymers, polylactic acid, and mixtures thereof.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the multi-functional isocyanate is selected from the group consisting of 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; 2,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; toluene 2,4-diisocyanate; toluene 2,6-diisocyanate; 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate; p-phenylene diisocyanate; and isophorone diisocyanate; and homopolymers and copolymers and blends thereof.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the multi-functional amine is selected from the group consisting of diethylene toluene diamine, mono or di-isopropanolamine, methy diethanol amine, methylene-bis-chloro diethylaniline, and mixtures thereof.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the polyurethane composition further comprises an ultraviolet (UV) light stabilizer.
19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the polyurethane composition further comprises a catalyst.
20. A golf ball having an outer cover formed by the method of claim 14 .