Ophthalmological teaching aid
An ophthalmological teaching aid includes a shell having an outer surface, an interior, a student region with a viewing window, and an observation target in the interior of the shell. The observation target is positioned to be visible to a viewer looking through the viewing window and has at least one feature residing at a feature location. The teaching aid also includes an instructor region spatially corresponding to at least a portion of the observation target. The teaching aid includes a landmark corresponding to the feature location. The presence of the landmark enables the instructor to assess a student's skill in using an ophthalmoscope.
1. An ophthalmological teaching aid comprising:
a shell having:
a plurality of sides defining an interior, each of the plurality of sides having an outer surface and an inner surface,
a student region with a viewing window disposed on one side of the shell,
an observation target disposed on the inner surface of a side of the shell opposite the side having the student region and in the interior, the observation target positioned to be visible to a viewer looking through the viewing window and having at least one feature residing at a feature location, and
an instructor region spatially corresponding to at least a portion of the observation target, the instructor region being exterior of the side of the shell having the observation target and having one or more landmarks corresponding to the feature location wherein the shell is made from a translucent material, the teaching aid being configured to enable an instructor to visually detect a pass thru light spot of an ophthalmoscope directed at the observation target by a student through the viewing window at the instructor region.
2. The teaching aid of claim 1 wherein the one or more landmarks are on the outer surface of the shell.
3. The teaching aid of claim 1 wherein the one or more landmarks are a schematic portrayal of the at least one feature of the observation target.
4. The teaching aid of claim 1 wherein the observation target is printed on the inner surface.
5. The teaching aid of claim 1 wherein the student region includes a depiction of a customarily visible part of the eye, and the student viewing window is the pupil of the eye aligned with the observation target.
6. The teaching aid of claim 5 wherein the observation target includes two features wherein one of the features represents a macula and the other feature represents an optic disc, and wherein irrespective of whether the teaching aid is in a first orientation representing the right eye or in a second orientation representing the left eye the macula feature is in a more temporal location in relation to the optic disc, the second orientation being 180 degrees of rotation about a longitudinal axis relative to the first orientation.
7. The teaching aid of claim 1 in which the observation target includes at least two discernibly different features on opposite sides of a sagittal plane.
8. The teaching aid of claim 1 wherein the viewing window is an aperture.
9. The teaching aid of claim 1 wherein the outer surface includes informational text on at least one side of the shell.
10. The teaching aid of claim 9 wherein the informational text depicts at least one representation acting as a guide for helping an instructor to recognize common student errors.
11. The teaching aid of claim 10 , wherein the guide is a representation of at least one of:
a) the appearance of the pass through light spot if a student is holding the ophthalmoscope too near or too far away from the shell; and
b) the appearance of the pass through light spot if the student is not centered on the pupil.
12. The teaching aid of claim 1 wherein the observation target is a rendering of anatomical features of an ocular fundus.
13. The teaching aid of claim 12 wherein not all of the anatomical features of the observation target are anatomically correctly positioned.
14. The teaching aid of claim 13 , wherein at least some sides of the shell include information in the form of printed text.
15. The teaching aid of claim 1 including a transparent capsule which encases the shell.
16. The teaching aid of claim 15 wherein the capsule includes a capsule student region which overlies the shell student region and includes a lens.
17. The teaching aid of claim 15 wherein the one or more landmarks are on the capsule.
18. The teaching aid of claim 15 wherein the capsule has a capsule surface which includes information text.
19. An ophthalmological teaching aid comprising:
a suite of at least two shells each shell of the suite having an outer surface, an interior, an inner surface, a student region with a viewing window, and an observation target positioned to be visible to a viewer looking through the window, the observation targets depicting different conditions of the eye;
a transparent capsule comprised of segments which are manually separable from each other and manually joinable to each other so that members of the suite of shells can be substituted for each other when the segments are separated so that the substituted shell is encased in the capsule when the segments are rejoined to each other.
20. A method of using an ophthalmological teaching aid, the aid having:
a shell having an outer surface, an interior, an inner surface, a student section with a viewing window, an observation target on the inner surface positioned to be visible to a viewer looking through the window, the observation target having at least one feature residing at a feature location, and an instructor region on the outer surface opposite at least a portion of the observation target, the portion of the shell corresponding to the observation target and the instructor region being non-permeable to light emitted by an ophthalmoscope so than an ophthalmoscope light spot is visible on the outer surface, the teaching aid also having a landmark corresponding to the feature location;
the method including making a recording of a student practice session, the recording showing the spatial relationship between the light spot and the landmark.