Methods and apparatus to dynamically generate audio signatures adaptive to circumstances associated with media being monitored
Methods and apparatus to dynamically generate audio signatures adaptive to circumstances associated with media being monitored are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a signal selector to select a first signature scheme from among a plurality of signature schemes to generate monitored signatures for media being monitored by a meter. The first signature scheme is selected based on a circumstance associated with the media. The apparatus includes a signal generator to generate a first monitored signature from the media based on the first signature scheme. The apparatus further includes a communications interface to transmit the first monitored signature to a data collection facility.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a signature scheme selector to select a first signature scheme from among a plurality of signature schemes to generate monitored signatures for media being monitored by a meter, the first signature scheme selected based on a circumstance associated with the media;
a signature generator to:
generate a first monitored signature from the media based on the first signature scheme; and
generate a scheme identifier in connection with the first monitored signature, the scheme identifier to specify that the first signature scheme was used to generate the first monitored signature, the scheme identifier including a first numeric identifier and a second numeric identifier, the first numeric identifier to identify the first signature scheme, the second numeric identifier to identify a configuration of the first signature scheme; and
a communications interface to transmit the first monitored signature and the scheme identifier to a data collection facility.
2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the circumstance is based on an environmental condition associated with the media.
3. The apparatus as defined in claim 2 , wherein the environmental condition corresponds to an amount of background noise in an environment in which the media is monitored by the meter, the circumstance corresponding to a first circumstance when the amount of background noise is above a threshold, the circumstance corresponding to a second circumstance when the amount of background noise is below the threshold.
4. The apparatus as defined in claim 3 , further including:
a media content analyzer to detect watermarks encoded in the media; and
a media environment analyzer to determine the amount of background noise based on the watermarks.
5. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the circumstance corresponds to a characteristic of an audio stream of the media.
6. The apparatus as defined in claim 5 , further including a media content analyzer to measure signal energy of the audio stream of the media, wherein the circumstance corresponds to a first circumstance when a majority of the signal energy is in a first frequency range, and the circumstance corresponds to a second circumstance when a majority of the signal energy is in a second frequency range, the second frequency range being higher than the first frequency range.
7. The apparatus as defined in claim 5 , further including a media content analyzer to determine a genre of the media, wherein the circumstance corresponds to a first circumstance when the genre of the media is determined to be speech, and the circumstance corresponds to a second circumstance when the genre of the media is determined to be music.
8. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 , wherein the signature scheme selector is to select a second signature scheme from among the plurality of signature schemes based on a change in the circumstance associated with the media, the signature generator to generate a second monitored signature from the media based on the second signature scheme, the communications interface to transmit the second monitored signature to the data collection facility.
9. The apparatus as defined in claim 8 , wherein the second signature scheme is not used when the first monitored signature is generated, and the first signature scheme is not used when the second monitored signature is generated.
10. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause an audience measurement meter to at least:
select a first signature scheme from among a plurality of signature schemes to generate monitored signatures for media being monitored by the audience measurement meter, the first signature scheme selected based on a circumstance associated with the media;
generate a first monitored signature from the media based on the first signature scheme;
generate a scheme identifier in connection with the first monitored signature, the scheme identifier to specify that the first signature scheme was used to generate the first monitored signature, the scheme identifier including a first numeric identifier and a second numeric identifier, the first numeric identifier to identify the first signature scheme, the second numeric identifier to identify a configuration of the first signature scheme; and
transmit the first monitored signature and the scheme identifier to a data collection facility.
11. The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 10 , wherein the instructions further cause the audience measurement meter to:
detect an amount of background noise in an environment in which the media is monitored by the audience measurement meter; and
determine the circumstance based on the amount of background noise.
12. The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 11 , wherein the instructions further cause the audience measurement meter to:
detect watermarks encoded in the media; and
determine the amount of background noise based on the watermarks.
13. The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 10 , wherein the instructions further cause the audience measurement meter to:
determine a characteristic of an audio stream of the media; and
determine the circumstance based on the characteristic.
14. The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 13 , wherein the characteristic corresponds to a frequency range containing a majority of signal energy of the audio stream.
15. The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 10 , wherein the instructions further cause the audience measurement meter to generate the first monitored signature based on the first signature scheme without implementing other ones of the plurality of signature schemes.
16. A method comprising:
selecting, by executing an instruction with a processor of a meter, a first signature scheme from among a plurality of signature schemes to generate monitored signatures for media being monitored by the meter, the first signature scheme selected based on a circumstance associated with the media;
generating, by executing an instruction with the processor, a first monitored signature from the media based on the first signature scheme;
generating, by executing an instruction with the processor, a scheme identifier in connection with the first monitored signature, the scheme identifier specifying that the first signature scheme was used to generate the first monitored signature, the scheme identifier including a first numeric identifier and a second numeric identifier, the first numeric identifier to identify the first signature scheme, the second numeric identifier to identify a configuration of the first signature scheme; and
transmitting, by executing an instruction with the processor, the first monitored signature and the scheme identifier to a data collection facility.
17. The method as defined in claim 16 , further including:
detecting an amount of background noise in an environment in which the media is monitored by the meter; and
determining the circumstance based on the amount of background noise.
18. The method as defined in claim 16 , further including:
determining a characteristic of an audio stream of the media; and
determining the circumstance based on the characteristic.
19. An apparatus comprising:
a media content analyzer to detect a watermark encoded in media monitored by a meter;
a media environment analyzer to:
identify a baseline noise for the media based on the watermark; and
estimate an amount of background noise in an environment in which the media is monitored by the meter, the amount of background noise estimated based on the baseline noise for the media;
a signature scheme selector to select a first signature scheme from among a plurality of signature schemes to generate monitored signatures for the media, the first signature scheme selected based on the amount of background noise;
a signature generator to:
generate a first monitored signature from the media based on the first signature scheme; and
generate a scheme identifier in connection with the first monitored signature, the scheme identifier to specify that the first signature scheme was used to generate the first monitored signature; and
a communications interface to transmit the first monitored signature and the scheme identifier to a data collection facility.