Acid stabilization of quantum dot-resin concentrates and premixes
The present invention provides nanostructure compositions and methods of producing nanostructure compositions. The nanostructure compositions comprise a population of nanostructures, a stabilization additive, and an organic resin. The present invention also provides nanostructure films comprising a nanostructure layer and methods of making nanostructure films.
1. A nanostructure composition, comprising:
(a) at least one population of nanostructures, wherein between about 20 and about 100 mole percent of ligands in at least one population of nanostructures comprise a ligand comprising an amine, a thiol, or a cyano functional group;
(b) at least one organic resin, wherein at least one organic resin is an acrylate, a methacrylate, or a thiol-functional compound; and
(c) at least one stabilization additive comprising itaconic acid, diphenylphosphinic acid, diisooctylphosphinic acid, bis(methacryloxyethyl)phosphate, or deceth-4 phosphate;
wherein the nanostructure composition is stable for at least 1 hour.
2. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one population of nanostructures comprises a core selected from the group consisting of InP, InZnP, InGaP, CdSe, CdS, CdSSe, CdZnSe, CdZnS, ZnSe, ZnSSe, InAs, InGaAs, and InAsP.
3. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , comprising between one and five organic resins.
4. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one organic resin is a thiol-functional compound.
5. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one organic resin is an acrylate.
6. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one organic resin is selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptobutylate), trimethylolpropane tri-(3-mercaptopropionate), glycol di-(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetramercaptoacetate, trimethylolpropane trimercaptoacetate, glycol dimercaptoacetate, ethoxylated trimethylpropane tri(3-mercaptopropionate) 700, ethoxylated trimethylpropane tri(3-mercaptopropionate) 1300, propylene glycol 3-mercaptopropionate 800, and propylene glycol 3-mercaptopropionate 2200.
7. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one organic resin is selected from the group consisting of isobornyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, an ethoxylated phenyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, tridecyl acrylate, caprolactone acrylate, nonyl phenol acrylate, cyclic trimethylolpropane formal acrylate, a methoxy polyethyleneglycol acrylate, a methoxy polypropyleneglycol acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, and glycidyl acrylate.
8. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one organic resin is selected from the group consisting of tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, dioxane glycerol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 3-methyl 1,5-pentanediol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, dimethyloltricyclodecane diacrylate, 1,4-dihydroxymethylcyclohexane diacrylate, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)propane diacrylate, and bis(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)methane diacrylate.
9. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , comprising two organic resins, wherein one organic resin is pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) and one organic resin is tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate.
10. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , further comprising a photoinitiator, wherein the photoinitiator is ethyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenyl phosphinate.
11. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is stable for at least 24 hours.
12. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructure composition comprises two populations of nanostructures and three organic resins, wherein two organic resins are acrylates and one organic resin is a thiol-functional compound.
13. A method of preparing a nanostructure composition, the method comprising:
(a) (i) providing a composition comprising at least one population of nanostructures and at least one stabilization additive, wherein between about 20 and about 100 mole percent of ligands in at least one population of nanostructures comprise a ligand comprising an amine, a thiol, or a cyano functional group; and
(ii) admixing at least one organic resin with the composition of (a)(i), wherein at least one organic resin comprises an acrylate, a methacrylate, or a thiol-functional compound; or
(b) (i) providing a composition comprising at least one organic resin and at least one stabilization additive, wherein at least one organic resin comprises an acrylate, a methacrylate, or a thiol-functional compound; and
(ii) admixing at least one population of nanostructures with the composition of (b)(i), wherein between about 20 and about 100 mole percent of ligands in at least one population of nanostructures comprise a ligand comprising an amine, a thiol, or a cyano functional group; or
(c) (i) providing a composition comprising at least one population of nanostructures and at least one organic resin, wherein between about 20 and about 100 mole percent of ligands in at least one population of nanostructures comprise a ligand comprising an amine, a thiol, or a cyano functional group, and wherein at least one organic resin comprises an acrylate, a methacrylate, or a thiol-functional compound; and
(ii) admixing at least one stabilization additive with the composition of (c)(i) wherein the at least one stabilization additive comprises itaconic acid, diphenylphosphinic acid, diisooctylphosphinic acid, bis(methacryloxyethyl)phosphate, or deceth-4 phosphate.
14. The method of claim 13 , comprising between one and five stabilization additives.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the nanostructure composition has a viscosity increase of less than 40% at 1 hour after the admixing in (a)(ii), (b)(ii), or (c)(ii).
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the nanostructure composition has a viscosity increase of less than 40% at 24 hours after the admixing in (a)(ii), (b)(ii), or (c)(ii).
17. The method of claim 13 , comprising two organic resins.
18. The method of claim 13 , comprising two populations of nanostructures, three organic resins, and one stabilization additive.
19. A nanostructure film layer comprising:
(a) at least one population of nanostructures, wherein between about 20 and about 100 mole percent of ligands in at least one population of nanostructures comprise a ligand comprising an amine, a thiol, or a cyano functional group;
(b) at least one organic resin, wherein at least one organic resin is an acrylate, a methacrylate, or a thiol-functional compound; and
(c) at least one stabilization additive comprising itaconic acid, diphenylphosphinic acid, diisooctylphosphinic acid, bis(methacryloxyethyl)phosphate, or deceth-4 phosphate;
wherein the nanostructure film layer is stable for at least 1 hour.
20. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , comprising between one and five organic resins.
21. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , wherein at least one organic resin is a thiol-functional compound.
22. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , wherein at least one organic resin is an acrylate.
23. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , comprising two organic resins, wherein one organic resin is pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) and one organic resin is tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate.
24. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , wherein the nanostructure film layer is stable for at least 24 hours.
25. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , wherein the nanostructure film layer comprises two populations of nanostructure and three organic resins, wherein two organic resins are acrylates and one organic resin is a thiol-functional compound.
26. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one stabilization additive is diphenylphosphinic acid.
27. The nanostructure composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one stabilization additive is bis(methacryloxyethyl)phosphate.
28. The method of claim 13 , wherein the at least one stabilization additive is diphenylphosphinic acid.
29. The method of claim 13 , wherein the at least one stabilization additive is bis(methacryloxyethyl)phosphate.
30. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , wherein the at least one stabilization additive is diphenylphosphinic acid.
31. The nanostructure film layer of claim 19 , wherein the at least one stabilization additive is bis(methacryloxyethyl)phosphate.