Microalgae-derived compositions for improving the health and appearance of skin
Provided herein are microalgal skin care compositions and methods of improving the health and appearance of skin. Also provided are methods of using polysaccharides for applications such as topical personal care products, cosmetics, and wrinkle reduction compositions. The invention also provides novel decolorized microalgal compositions useful for improving the health and appearance of skin. The invention also includes insoluble polysaccharide particles for application to human skin.
1. A composition for treating hyperpigmentation on the skin of a human in need thereof consisting essentially of therapeutically effective amounts of:
(a) a microalgal exopolysaccharide produced by the process of:
(i) isolating from a Parachlorella microalgal cell culture medium a Parachlorella microalgal exopolysaccharide secreted by Parachlorella microalgal cells into the culture medium;
(ii) drying the Parachlorella microalgal exopolysaccharide to form a film by heating the Parachlorella microalgal exopolysaccharide at a temperature in a range from about 80° C. to about 180° C.; and
(iii) generating Parachlorella microalgal exopolysaccharide particles having an average size of between 0.1 to 400 microns, wherein the Parachlorella microalgal exopolysaccharide particles consist essentially of the heated exopolysaccharide and increase in volume on contact with water by at least 200%; and (b) hyaluronic acid.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the Parachlorella microalgal cells are Parachlorella Kessleri.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the heating is carried out at a temperature of about 135° C. to about 160° C.
4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the particles are generated through milling and formulated into an oil phase of an oil-in-water emulsion.
5. The composition of claim 3 , further consisting essentially of a carrier suitable for topical administration selected from the group consisting of water, butylene glycol, mineral oil, petrolatum, glycerin, cetyl alcohol, propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, PEG-40 stearate, C11-13 isoparaffin, glyceryl stearate, tri (PPG-3 myristyl ether) citrate, emulsifying wax, DMDM hydantoin, methylparaben, carbomer 940, ethylparaben, propylparaben, titanium dioxide, disodium EDTA, sodium hydroxide, butylparaben, vitamin A, and xanthan gum.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the particles are formulated with hexadecanoic acid.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oil is hexadecanoic acid, the exopolysaccharide is substantially free of protein, the particles of the composition have an average size between 50 and 0.1 microns, and contains an amount of sulfur by weight of at least 3.0%.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide particles are less than 70%, less than 60%, less than 50%, less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 20%, less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 2% soluble in water.
9. A method of manufacturing the composition of claim 1 , said method consisting essentially of:
a. isolating a polysaccharide from Parachlorella microalgae;
b. drying an aqueous suspension of the polysaccharide to a solid film wherein at least some proportion of the film has been made completely or partially insoluble in water;
c. homogenizing the film into particles; and
d. formulating the particles into a non-aqueous material, wherein:
i. the particles are formulated into the oil phase of an oil-in-water emulsion,
ii. the polysaccharide after step b is soluble in water at a percentage of less than 70%,
iii. the drying is performed at between 80° C. and 180° C.,
iv. the polysaccharide is produced by Parachlorella,
v. the particles of the composition have an average size between 400 microns and 0.1 microns,
vi. the particles have been generated by milling,
vii. the non-aqueous material is an oil suitable for topical administration, and
viii. the polysaccharide contains at least 3.0% sulfur by weight.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the non-aqueous material is hexadecanoic acid, the polysaccharide contains at least 3.0% sulfur by weight, the composition is sterile, the composition is substantially free of endotoxins, and the polysaccharide is substantially free of protein.