High resolution organic light-emitting diode devices, displays, and related method
In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of manufacturing an organic light-emissive display can be provided. A plurality of electrodes can be provided on a substrate. A first hole conducting layer can be deposited via inkjet printing over the plurality of electrodes on the substrate. A liquid affinity property of selected surface portions of the first hole conducting layer can be altered to define emissive layer confinement regions. Each emissive layer confinement region can have a portion that respectively corresponds to each of the plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate. An organic light-emissive layer can be deposited via inkjet printing within each emissive layer confinement region.
1. A method of manufacturing an organic light-emissive display comprising:
depositing, via inkjet printing, an organic light-emissive material on a hole conducting layer disposed over a plurality of electrodes on a surface of a substrate;
wherein the hole conducting layer comprises:
a plurality of confinement regions having a first surface energy property and being separated from each other by boundary regions having a second surface energy property differing from the first surface energy property, each confinement region being associated with one or more electrodes of the plurality of electrodes and spanning an area larger than an active area of the one or more electrodes; and
treating the organic light-emissive material deposited over the hole conducting layer to form an organic light-emissive layer, the differing first and second surface energy properties causing the organic light-emissive layer to be confined to the confinement regions.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
depositing an additional electrode over the organic light-emissive layer confined in each confinement region.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein depositing the additional electrode comprises blanket—
depositing the additional electrode over organic light-emissive layers of all the confinement regions.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
treating the hole conducting layer to alter surface energy properties in select regions of the hole conducting layer thereby creating the confinement regions having the first surface energy property and the boundary regions having the second surface energy property.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein treating the hole conducting layer comprises radiating the hole conducting layer through openings of a mask.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein treating the hole conducting layer comprises applying a reactive-surface-active material to the hole conducting layer before radiating the hole conducting layer.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the first surface energy property is sufficient to attract the organic light-emissive material deposited on the hole conducting layer, and
the second surface energy property is sufficient to repel the organic light-emissive material deposited on the hole conducting layer.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
providing a confinement structure on the substrate surrounding the plurality of confinement regions and boundary regions.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
depositing the hole conducting layer over the plurality of electrodes to form a substantially continuous hole conducting layer over the substrate.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
prior to depositing the hole conducting layer, depositing, via inkjet printing, another substantially continuous hole conducting layer over the plurality of electrodes.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more electrodes include multiple electrodes associated with each confinement region, each electrode of the multiple electrodes being an individually addressed electrode that defines a sub-pixel, and wherein each sub-pixel defined by each of the multiple electrodes is associated with a differing pixel.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein depositing the organic light-emissive material includes depositing the organic light-emissive material having a wavelength associated with one of red light, green light, and blue light so as to form organic material layers in confinement regions corresponding to a predetermined pattern of pixels for emitting red light, green light, and blue light.
13. A method of manufacturing an organic light-emissive display comprising:
depositing, via inkjet printing, an organic light-emissive material onto confinement regions of a hole conducting layer disposed over a plurality of electrodes disposed on a surface of a substrate, each of the confinement regions being associated with one or more electrodes of the plurality of electrodes and spanning an area larger than an active area of the one or more electrodes;
wherein, the organic light-emissive material deposited onto the confinement regions is confined from spreading beyond the confinement regions due to differing surface energy properties of the confinement regions and boundary regions of the hole conducting layer surrounding the confinement regions; and
treating the organic light-emissive material deposited onto the confinement regions of the hole conducting layer to form an organic light-emissive layer confined within each of the confinement regions.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
treating the hole conducting layer to alter the surface energy properties of select regions of the hole conducting layer thereby creating the confinement regions and the boundary regions having the differing surface energy properties.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein treating the hole conducting layer comprises radiating the hole conducting layer through openings of a mask.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein treating the hole conducting layer comprises applying a reactive-surface-active material to the hole conducting layer before radiating the hole conducting layer.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the one or more electrodes include multiple electrodes associated with each confinement region, each electrode of the multiple electrodes being an individually addressed electrode that defines a sub-pixel, and wherein each sub-pixel defined by each of the multiple electrodes is associated with a differing pixel.
18. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
depositing the hole conducting layer over the plurality of electrodes to form a substantially continuous hole conducting layer over the substrate.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising:
prior to depositing the hole conducting layer, depositing, via inkjet printing, another substantially continuous hole conducting layer over the plurality of electrodes.
20. The method of claim 13 , wherein depositing the organic light-emissive material onto the confinement regions includes depositing the organic light-emissive material having a wavelength associated with one of red light, green light, and blue light in respective confinement regions corresponding to a predetermined pattern of pixels emitting red light, green light, and blue light.