Modified Z-type hexagonal ferrite materials with enhanced resonant frequency
Disclosed herein are embodiments of modified z-type hexagonal ferrite materials having improved properties that are advantageous for radiofrequency applications, in particular high frequency ranges for antennas and other devices. Atomic substitution of strontium, aluminum, potassium, and trivalent ions can be used to replace certain atoms in the ferrite crystal structure to improve loss factor at high frequencies.
1. An enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having some barium atoms substituted for potassium atoms, the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having a formula Ba 3−x K x Co 2−x M (III) x Fe 24 O 41 , M (III) being a trivalent ion, x being 0<x<0.5, and the ferrite having a resonant frequency of over about 700 MHz, M (III) selected from the group consisting of Sc, Mn, In, Cr, Ga, Co, Ni, Fe, Yb, or other lanthanide ions.
2. The enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite of claim 1 wherein the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite is formed by a sintering process.
3. The enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite of claim 1 wherein the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite has a resonant frequency of over about 1 GHz.
4. A radio frequency device comprising the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite of claim 1 .
5. An antenna comprising the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite of claim 1 .
6. A method of forming a radiofrequency device, the method comprising:
blending a mixture of precursor materials including barium, cobalt, iron, and oxygen;
drying, heating, milling, and pressing the mixture to form pressed particles;
sintering the pressed particles to form a hexagonal ferrite material having a composition Ba 3−x K x Co 2−x M (III) xFe 24 O 41 , x being 0<x<0.5, the mixture of precursor materials further including a precursor for M (III) , M (III) selected from the group consisting of Sc, Mn, In, Cr, Ga, Co, Ni, Fe, Yb, or other lanthanide ions; and
forming a radiofrequency device from the hexagonal ferrite material.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the hexagonal ferrite material has a resonant frequency of greater than 1 GHz.
8. The method of claim 6 wherein the radiofrequency device is an antenna.
9. A circulator for a radiofrequency device, the circulator comprising:
an enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having some barium atoms substituted for potassium atoms, the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having a formula Ba 3−x K x Co 2−x M (III) x Fe 24 O 41 , M (III) being a trivalent ion, x being 0<x<0.5, and the ferrite having a resonant frequency of over about 700 MHz, M (III) selected from the group consisting of Sc, Mn, In, Cr, Ga, Co, Ni, Fe, Yb, or other lanthanide ions.
10. The circulator of claim 9 wherein the hexagonal ferrite is formed by a sintering process.
11. The circulator of claim 9 wherein the hexagonal ferrite has a resonant frequency of over about 1 GHz.
12. An enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having some barium atoms substituted for potassium atoms, the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having a formula Ba 3−x K x Co 2−x M (III) xFe 24 O 41 , M (III) being a trivalent ion and selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Cr, In, or Yb, x being 0.5, and the ferrite having a resonant frequency of over about 700 MHz.
13. A method of forming a radiofrequency device, the method comprising:
blending a mixture of precursor materials including barium, cobalt, iron, and oxygen;
drying, heating, milling, and pressing the mixture to form pressed particles;
sintering the pressed particles to form a hexagonal ferrite material having a composition Ba 3−x K x Co 2−x M (III) xFe 24 O 41 , x being 0.5, the mixture of precursor materials further including a precursor for M (III) , M (III) selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Cr, In, or Yb, and
forming a radiofrequency device from the hexagonal ferrite material.
14. A circulator for a radiofrequency device, the circulator comprising:
an enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having some barium atoms substituted for potassium atoms, the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite having a formula Ba 3−x K x Co 2 -x M (III) xFe 24 O 41 , M (III) being a trivalent ion and selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Cr, In, or Yb and x=0.5, and the ferrite having a resonant frequency of over about 700 MHz.
15. An antenna comprising the enhanced z-type hexagonal ferrite of claim 12 .
16. The method of claim 13 wherein the radiofrequency device is an antenna.
17. The circulator of claim 14 wherein the hexagonal ferrite has a resonant frequency of over about 1 GHz.