Automated fiber placement and in-situ fiber impregnation system and method
An automated fiber placement (AFP) and in-situ fiber impregnation system includes a feeder, a resin dispenser, and a compaction roller. The feeder feeds a tow of fiber from a fiber supply toward a forming tool. The resin dispenser deposits resin onto the forming tool in front of the compaction roller. The compaction roller moves over the tow along the forming tool so as to press the tow onto the resin such that the compaction roller impregnates the resin into the tow a direction away from the forming tool via compaction forces immediately after the resin is deposited by the resin dispenser.
1. An automated fiber placement and in-situ fiber impregnation system comprising:
a feeder configured to feed a tow of fibers from a dry fiber supply toward a forming tool;
a resin dispenser configured to deposit resin onto at least one of the forming tool and a fiber layer previously laid onto the forming tool; and
a centerless belt configured to move over the tow along the forming tool so as to press the tow onto the resin such that the resin impregnates the tow in a direction away from the forming tool, the resin dispenser being configured to deposit the resin in front of the centerless belt so that the centerless belt impregnates the resin into the tow in the direction away from the forming tool via compaction forces immediately after the resin is deposited by the resin dispenser.
2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a heater configured to warm the centerless belt so that the centerless belt does not cool the tow and the resin.
3. The automated fiber placement and in-situ fiber impregnation system of claim 2 , wherein the centerless belt encircles a space and the heater is positioned in the space.
4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a surface heater configured to warm at least one of the forming tool and the previously laid fiber layer so that the forming tool and previously laid fiber layer do not cool the resin.
5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an ultrasonic transducer configured to vibrate the centerless belt.
6. The automated fiber placement and in-situ fiber impregnation system of claim 5 , wherein the centerless belt encircles a space and the ultrasonic transducer is positioned in the space.
7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of belt controllers configured to guide the centerless belt.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of belt controllers are cylindrical rollers alternately positioned on outer and inner sides of the centerless belt such that one of the cylindrical rollers is positioned on the outer side of the centerless belt and one of the cylindrical rollers is positioned on the inner side of the centerless belt.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the centerless belt is configured to twist and conform to a complex curvature of the forming tool.
10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a doctor blade positioned near the centerless belt for removing excess resin from the centerless belt.
11. The automated fiber placement and in-situ fiber impregnation system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more additional centerless belts, the centerless belt and the one or more additional centerless belts being mounted side-by-side.
12. An automated fiber placement and in-situ fiber impregnation system comprising:
a feeder configured to feed a tow of fibers from a fiber supply toward a forming tool;
a tow spreader configured to spread the tow as the tow is fed toward the forming tool;
a tow inspector configured to ensure that a parameter of the tow is within a predetermined range;
a cutter configured to cut the tow at a predetermined point;
a resin dispenser configured to deposit resin onto at least one of the forming tool and a fiber layer previously laid onto the forming tool;
a surface heater configured to warm at least one of the tool and the previously laid fiber layer so that the tool and the previously laid fiber layer do not cool the resin;
a centerless belt configured to move over the tow along the forming tool so as to press the tow onto the resin such that the resin impregnates the tow in a direction away from the forming tool and such that the resin saturates the tow, the resin dispenser being configured to deposit the resin in front of the centerless belt so that the centerless belt impregnates the resin into the tow via compaction forces immediately after the resin is deposited by the resin dispenser;
a heater configured to heat the centerless belt so that the centerless belt does not cool the tow and the resin;
a cooling air knife configured to cool the saturated tow after the centerless belt moves over the saturated tow; and
a doctor blade positioned near the centerless belt for removing excess resin from the centerless belt.