System and method for blood typing using PPG technology

1. A biosensor, comprising:

an optical sensor circuit configured to obtain a plurality of spectral responses at a plurality of wavelengths detected from skin of a user;

a processing circuit configured to:

obtain a blood type of a user;

determine a first ratio R value using a first spectral response and a second spectral response of the plurality of spectral responses;

access a calibration database for the blood type of the user, wherein the calibration database associates predetermined ratio R values to patient vitals for each of a plurality of blood types; and

obtain a patient vital of the user using the first ratio R value, the calibration database and the blood type of the user.

2. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the patient vital includes at least one of: oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ), a concentration level of nitric oxide (NO), a concentration level of a liver enzyme, a concentration level of glucose, a concentration level of an electrolyte, a concentration of one or more species of hemoglobin, or a concentration level of another substance in a blood flow of the user.

3. The biosensor of claim 2 , wherein the calibration database includes a plurality of SpO 2 calibrations, wherein each of the plurality of SpO 2 calibrations associates a predetermined ratio R value to an oxygen saturation level for a different one of a plurality of blood types.

4. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

determine an absorption spectra shift using a third spectral response and a fourth spectral response of the plurality of spectral responses;

access the calibration database, wherein the calibration database includes a plurality of calibrations that associate the absorption spectra shift to the patient vital for the plurality of specific blood types; and

obtain the patient vital of the user using the absorption spectra shift, the calibration database and the blood type of the user.

5. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuit is configured to obtain the blood type of the user by one or more of:

receiving a user input including the blood type of the user;

accessing a memory device, wherein the memory device stores the blood type of the user; or

identifying the blood type of the user using one or more spectral responses of the plurality of spectral responses detected by the PPG circuit.

6. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the optical sensor circuit is configured to obtain the plurality of spectral responses at the plurality of wavelengths detected from skin of the user by at least one of:

detecting reflected light from skin of the user; or

detecting transmissive light from skin of the user.

7. A device, comprising:

an optical sensor circuit configured to obtain a plurality of spectral responses at a plurality of wavelengths detected from skin of a user;

a memory device configured for storing correlations between a plurality of R values and a patient vital for each of a plurality of blood types, wherein the correlations are different between the plurality of R values and the patient vital for at least two of the plurality of blood types;

a processing circuit configured to:

obtain a blood type of the user;

determine a first ratio R value using a first spectral response and a second spectral response;

and

access the memory device to obtain a correlation between the first ratio R value and the patient vital for the blood type of the user.

8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the patient vital is an oxygen saturation value and wherein the memory device is configured for storing different correlations between a plurality of R values and oxygen saturation values for each of a plurality of different blood types.

9. The device of claim 7 , wherein the memory device is configured for storing correlations between a plurality of R values and oxygen saturation values for each of a plurality of blood types.

10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the processing circuit is configured to determine the first ratio R value using the first spectral response and the second spectral response by:

determining the first ratio R using an AC component of the first spectral response and an AC component of the second spectral response.

11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

access the memory device to obtain a correlation between the first ratio R value and an oxygen saturation value for the blood type of the user; and

determine an oxygen saturation for the user using the correlation.

12. The device of claim 11 , wherein the device includes a pulse oximeter included in a user device.

13. The device of claim 7 , wherein the patient vital includes a concentration level of a substance in a blood flow of the user.

14. The device of claim 13 , wherein the patient vital includes one or more of: a concentration level of nitric oxide (NO), a concentration level of a liver enzyme, a concentration level of an electrolyte, or a concentration of one or more species of hemoglobin.

15. The device of claim 7 , wherein the processing circuit is configured to obtain a blood type of the user by at least one of:

processing a user input including the blood type of the user;

accessing the memory device, wherein the memory device is configured to store the blood type of the user; or

measuring a blood type of the user.

16. A pulse oximeter, comprising:

an optical sensor circuit configured to obtain a plurality of spectral responses at a plurality of wavelengths detected from skin of a user;

a memory device configured to store oxygen saturation levels and associated ratio R values for a plurality of blood types, wherein the oxygen saturation levels are different for the associated ratio R values for at least two different blood types of the plurality of blood types; and

a processing circuit configured to:

obtain a blood type of a user;

determine a first ratio R value using a first spectral response and a second spectral response; and

accessing the memory device and using the first ratio R value and the blood type of the user to determine an oxygen saturation level for the user.

17. The pulse oximeter of claim 16 , wherein the processing circuit is configured to determine the first ratio R value from a ratio of alternating current (AC) signal components in the first spectral response and the second spectral response.

18. The pulse oximeter of claim 16 , wherein the memory device is configured to store two or more of:

a first correlation of oxygen saturation levels and associated R values for an O blood type;

a second correlation of oxygen saturation levels and associated R values for an A blood type;

a third correlation of oxygen saturation levels and associated R values for a B blood type; and

a fourth correlation of oxygen saturation levels and associated R values for an AB blood type.

19. The pulse oximeter of claim 16 , wherein the processing circuit configured to obtain a blood type of the user by:

processing a user input including the blood type of the user;

accessing the memory device, wherein the memory device is configured to store the blood type of the user; or

measuring a blood type of the user.