Light directing element

1. A light directing element comprising:

an elongated body having a first end, a second end and an exterior surface, the elongated body being transparent or translucent to permit transmission of light axially and radially therethrough;

a light emitter disposed at the first end of the elongated body;

a diffuser including at least one reflective element disposed within the elongated body, wherein the diffuser is configured to redirect axially emitted light from the light emitter radially towards the exterior surface and wherein the diffuser expands in cross-section towards the second end;

a first end cap disposed at, and configured to surround, the first end of the elongated body; and

a second end cap disposed at, and configured to surround, the second end of the elongated body;

wherein the first end cap and the second end cap support the elongated body a distance from an adjacent structure.

2. The light directing element of claim 1 , further comprises:

a second light emitter disposed at the second end of the elongated body; and

a second diffuser configured to redirect axially emitted light from the second light emitter radially towards the exterior surface, wherein the second diffuser expands in cross-section towards the first end.

3. The light directing element of claim 1 , wherein the diffuser comprises a conical shape that terminates a distance from the exterior surface.

4. The light directing element of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the light emitted from the light emitter comprises disinfecting light with a wavelength in a range of 380 to 420 nanometers and wherein the diffuser is configured to redirect the portion of the light toward the exterior surface with a substantially uniform irradiance at least 0.02 milliWatts per square centimeter (0.02 mW/cm 2 ) across an entire area of the exterior surface.

5. The light directing element of claim 1 , further comprising a beam collimator surrounding the light emitter and disposed within the elongated body.

6. The light directing element of claim 2 , wherein the diffuser and the second diffuser contact centrally between the first end and the second end.

7. A light directing element comprising:

a transparent or translucent body having a first end, a second end and an exterior surface; and

a diffuser disposed within the transparent or translucent body and expanding in cross-section towards the second end, wherein:

the diffuser comprises at least one reflective element configured to redirect light axially transmitted from the first end radially towards the exterior surface;

at least a portion of the light comprises disinfecting light with a wavelength in a range of 380 to 420 nanometers; and

the diffuser is configured to redirect the at least the portion of the light toward the exterior surface with a substantially uniform irradiance at least 0.02 milliWatts per square centimeter (mW/cm 2 ) across an area of the exterior surface.

8. The light directing element of claim 7 , further comprising:

a second diffuser configured to redirect light axially transmitted from the second end radially towards the exterior surface, wherein the second diffuser expands in cross-section towards the first end.

9. The light directing element of claim 7 , wherein the diffuser comprises a conical shape that terminates a distance from the exterior surface.

10. The light directing element of claim 7 , wherein the diffuser comprises an axially enlarging array of reflective elements.

11. The light directing element of claim 7 , further comprising a light emitter comprising one or more of electroluminescent light emitters, light emitting diodes (LEDs), or lasers.

12. The light directing element of claim 8 , wherein the diffuser and the second diffuser contact centrally between the first end and the second end.

13. The light directing element of claim 11 , further comprising a beam collimator surrounding the light emitter and disposed within the transparent or translucent body.

14. A method comprising:

creating a conically shaped diffuser comprising at least one alignment pin;

inserting the at least one alignment pin into a first plate;

inserting a tube into the first plate and surrounding the conically shaped diffuser; and

filling the tube with material.

15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:

creating a second conically shaped diffuser comprising at least one second alignment pin;

inserting the at least one second alignment pin into a second plate; and

clamping the tube between the first plate and the second plate.

16. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:

coating the conically shaped diffuser with reflective material.

17. A system comprising:

a first light emitting element comprising a first diffuser, wherein the first diffuser expands in cross-section towards a first end of the first light emitting element and wherein the first diffuser comprises at least one reflective element configured to redirect light axially transmitted from a second end of the first light emitting element radially towards an exterior surface of the first light emitting element;

a second light emitting element comprising a second diffuser, wherein the second diffuser expands in cross-section towards a first end of the second light emitting element and wherein the second diffuser comprises at least one reflective element configured to redirect light axially transmitted from a second end of the second light emitting element radially towards an exterior surface of the second light emitting element; and

an end cap disposed between the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element.