Wakeup packet modulation and demodulation

1. A method, performed by a first communication device, for transmitting a wakeup packet configured to cause a wakeup radio of a second communication device to prompt a wireless local area network (WLAN) network interface device of the second communication device to transition from a low power state to an active state, the method comprising:

generating, at the first communication device, a WLAN legacy preamble of the wakeup packet;

generating, at the first communication device, a wakeup radio (WUR) preamble of the wakeup packet;

generating, at the first communication device, a data portion of the wakeup packet, including generating a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, wherein:

the data portion comprises a plurality of time segments, each time segment including a respective segment, in time, of a first electrical signal,

each time segment of the data portion i) corresponds to a respective information bit and ii) comprises a first time subsegment and a second time subsegment,

generating the data portion further includes inserting i) a respective first prefix prior to each first time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit and ii) a respective second prefix prior to each second time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit to mitigate intersymbol interference at a receiver caused at least by multipath effects, and

each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix includes a respective second electrical signal; and

transmitting, by the first communication device, the wakeup packet.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

generating each first prefix as a first cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective first time subsegment; and

generating each second prefix as a second cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective second time subsegment.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

each time segment corresponds to a respective OFDM symbol; and

generating the data portion includes inserting the respective first prefix prior to each OFDM symbol to mitigate intersymbol interference at the receiver.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

each time segment corresponds to a respective set of multiple OFDM symbols; and

generating the data portion includes inserting the respective first prefix prior to each set of multiple OFDM symbols to mitigate intersymbol interference at the receiver.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein

each set of multiple time segments corresponds to a respective OFDM symbol.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix consists of a zero power signal.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

generating each respective first prefix as a cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of a portion of the respective first time subsegment, and

generating each respective second prefix as a cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of a portion of the respective second time subsegment.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

generating each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix as a predetermined signal.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the data portion comprises generating each time segment of the data portion such that:

the time segment corresponds to at least a time portion of an OFDM symbol with at least some subcarriers set to one or more non-zero power values when the corresponding information bit has a first value; and

the time segment corresponds to a zero power signal when the corresponding information bit has a second value.

10. An apparatus, comprising:

a network interface device associated with a first communication device, wherein the network interface device comprises one or more integrated circuit (IC) devices configured to:

generate a wireless local area network (WLAN) legacy preamble of a wakeup packet, wherein the wakeup packet is configured to cause a wakeup radio of a second communication device to prompt a WLAN network interface device of the second communication device to transition from a low power state to an active state,

generate a wakeup radio (WUR) preamble of the wakeup packet, and

generate a data portion of the wakeup packet, including generating a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, wherein:

the data portion comprises a plurality of time segments, each time segment including a respective segment, in time, of a first electrical signal,

each time segment of the data portion i) corresponds to a respective information bit and ii) comprises a first time subsegment and a second time subsegment,

generating the data portion further includes inserting i) a respective first prefix prior to each first time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit and ii) a respective second prefix prior to each second time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit to mitigate intersymbol interference at a receiver caused at least by multipath effects, and

each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix includes a respective second electrical signal; and

wherein the one or more IC devices are further configured to transmit the wakeup packet.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the network interface device comprises:

an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) calculator implemented on the one or more IC devices, the IDFT being configured to generate the plurality of OFDM symbols.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the network interface device further comprises:

prefix inserter circuitry implemented on the one or more IC devices, the prefix inserter circuitry being configured to insert i) the respective first prefix prior to each first time subsegment and ii) the respective second prefix prior to each second subsegment.

13. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:

generate each first prefix as a first cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective first time subsegment; and

generate each second prefix as a second cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective second time subsegment.

14. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein:

each time segment corresponds to a respective OFDM symbol; and

the one or more IC devices are configured to insert the respective first prefix prior to each OFDM symbol to mitigate intersymbol interference at the receiver.

15. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein:

each time segment corresponds to a respective set of multiple OFDM symbols; and

the one or more IC devices are configured to insert the respective first prefix prior to each set of multiple OFDM symbols to mitigate intersymbol interference at the receiver.

16. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein

each set of multiple time segments corresponds to a respective OFDM symbol.

17. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix consists of a zero power signal.

18. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:

generate each respective first prefix as a cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of a portion of the respective first time subsegment, and

generate each respective second prefix as a cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of a portion of the respective second time subsegment.

19. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:

generate each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix as a predetermined signal.

20. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to generate each time segment of the data portion such that:

the time segment corresponds to at least a time portion of an OFDM symbol with at least some subcarriers set to one or more non-zero power values when the corresponding information bit has a first value; and

the time segment corresponds to a zero power signal when the corresponding information bit has a second value.

21. A method, performed by a first communication device, for transmitting a wakeup packet configured to cause a wakeup radio of a second communication device to prompt a wireless local area network (WLAN) network interface device of the second communication device to transition from a low power state to an active state, the method comprising:

generating, at the first communication device, a WLAN legacy preamble of the wakeup packet;

generating, at the first communication device, a wakeup radio (WUR) preamble of the wakeup packet;

generating, at the first communication device, a data portion of the wakeup packet, including generating a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, wherein:

the data portion comprises a plurality of time segments, each time segment including a respective segment, in time, of a first electrical signal,

each time segment of the data portion i) corresponds to a respective information bit and ii) comprises a first time subsegment and a second time subsegment,

generating the data portion comprises generating each time segment of the data portion such that:

when the corresponding information bit has a first value:

the first time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to at least a time portion of an OFDM symbol with at least some subcarriers set to one or more non-zero power values, and

the second time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to a zero power signal, and

when the corresponding information bit has a second value:

the first time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to the zero power signal, and

the second time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to at least the time portion of the OFDM symbol with at least some subcarriers set to the one or more non-zero power values,

generating the data portion further includes inserting i) a respective first prefix prior to each first time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit and ii) a respective second prefix prior to each second time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit to mitigate intersymbol interference at a receiver caused at least by multipath effects, and

each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix includes a respective second electrical signal; and

transmitting, by the first communication device, the wakeup packet.

22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising:

generating each first prefix as a first cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective first time subsegment; and

generating each second prefix as a second cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective second time subsegment.

23. An apparatus, comprising:

a network interface device associated with a first communication device, wherein the network interface device comprises one or more integrated circuit (IC) devices configured to:

generate a wireless local area network (WLAN) legacy preamble of a wakeup packet, wherein the wakeup packet is configured to cause a wakeup radio of a second communication device to prompt a WLAN network interface device of the second communication device to transition from a low power state to an active state,

generate a wakeup radio (WUR) preamble of the wakeup packet, and

generate a data portion of the wakeup packet, including generating a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, wherein:

the data portion comprises a plurality of time segments, each time segment including a respective segment, in time, of a first electrical signal,

each time segment of the data portion i) corresponds to a respective information bit and ii) comprises a first time subsegment and a second time subsegment,

generating the data portion comprises generating each time segment of the data portion such that:

when the corresponding information bit has a first value:

 the first time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to at least a time portion of an OFDM symbol with at least some subcarriers set to one or more non-zero power values, and

 the second time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to a zero power signal; and

when the corresponding information bit has a second value:

 the first time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to the zero power signal, and

 the second time subsegment of the time segment corresponds to at least the time portion of the OFDM symbol with at least some subcarriers set to the one or more non-zero power values,

generating the data portion further includes inserting i) a respective first prefix prior to each first time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit and ii) a respective second prefix prior to each second time subsegment corresponding to the respective information bit to mitigate intersymbol interference at a receiver caused at least by multipath effects, and

each respective first prefix and each respective second prefix includes a respective second electrical signal; and

wherein the one or more IC devices are further configured to transmit the wakeup packet.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:

generate each first prefix as a first cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective first time subsegment; and

generate each second prefix as a second cyclic prefix that comprises a duplicate of an end time portion of the respective second time subsegment.