Augmented permanent magnet system
A magnetic bearing system for controlling magnetic coupling between a mobile carriage and a guideway and a method for controlling the magnetic bearing system. The magnetic bearing system includes at least one engine, which includes at least two poles, at least one permanent magnet and at least one coil. The engine is configured to be magnetically coupled to the guideway through at least one air gap.
1. A magnetic bearing system for controlling magnetic coupling between a mobile carriage and a guideway, the magnetic bearing system comprising:
at least one engine, which comprises at least two poles, at least one permanent magnet and at least one coil,
wherein the at least one engine is configured to be magnetically coupled to the guideway through at least one air gap.
2. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one coil comprises at least two coils arranged so that at least one of the at least two coils surrounds each of the at least two poles.
3. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one air gap comprises a plurality of air gaps located between a free end of the at least two poles and the guideway.
4. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 3 , wherein a lateral portion is arranged to join the at least two ends together at ends opposite the free ends, and the permanent magnet is arranged in the lateral portion.
5. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one permanent magnet is arranged to generate a magnetic flux through the engine, the guideway and the at least one air gap.
6. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 5 , wherein the magnetic flux generated by the at least one permanent magnet is sufficient to maintain a predetermined spacing for the at least one air gap while holding the vehicle against a force of gravity.
7. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 6 , wherein the guideway is arranged below the vehicle.
8. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 6 , wherein the guideway is arranged above the vehicle, which is suspended from the guideway.
9. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one engine comprises a plurality of engines successively arranged in a direction of travel, wherein the plurality of engines are arranged parallel to each other in the direction of travel and each of the plurality of engines comprises at least two poles, at least one permanent magnet and at least one coil.
10. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 9 , wherein the at least two poles of each of the plurality of engines are aligned perpendicular the direction of travel.
11. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 10 , wherein the at least two poles of a first engine are aligned in the direction of travel with the at least two poles of a second engine adjacent the first engine.
12. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 10 , wherein the at least two poles of a first engine are laterally offset perpendicular to the at least two poles of a second engine adjacent the first engine.
13. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 10 , wherein the at least two poles of a first engine have a length in the direction of travel that is a same as a length in the travel direction of the at least two poles of a second engine.
14. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 10 , wherein the at least two poles of a first engine have a length in the direction of travel that is different from a length in the travel direction of the at least two poles of a second engine.
15. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 10 , wherein the at least two poles of a first engine have a length in the direction of travel that is a multiple of a length in the travel direction of the at least two poles of a second engine.
16. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two poles are configured to shape a flux in the guideway.
17. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two poles are formed from one of a U-shaped or an E-shaped core.
18. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two poles comprise a ferrous material and the permanent magnet comprises a rare earth metal.
19. A method for controlling the magnetic bearing system according to claim 1 , wherein the method comprises:
monitoring a ride height of the mobile carriage in relation to a reference, and
when the monitored ride height is outside of a predetermined range, correcting the ride height to within the predetermined range.
20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein, when the ride height is less than a predetermined minimum, executing a cancellation mode in which a current is applied to the at least one coil to generate a flux in a direction opposite a magnetic flux generated by the at least one permanent magnet, and
wherein, when the ride height is greater than a predetermined maximum, executing a reinforcement mode in which a current is applied to the at least one coil to generate a flux in a same direction as a magnetic flux generated by the at least one permanent magnet.