Two-index selectively coated Fresnel
An optical structure includes a first refractive layer, a Fresnel surface, a dichroic reflective coating, a third refractive layer, and a replica layer. The first refractive layer has a first refractive index. The Fresnel surface is formed in a second refractive layer having a second refractive index. The Fresnel surface includes active surfaces and draft surfaces. The dichroic reflective coating is selectively disposed on the active surfaces. The replica layer is disposed between the Fresnel surface and the third refractive layer. The replica layer has the second refractive index and the second refractive index is higher than the first refractive index.
1. An optical structure comprising:
a first refractive layer having a first refractive index;
a Fresnel surface formed in a second refractive layer having a second refractive index, wherein the Fresnel surface includes active surfaces and draft surfaces;
a dichroic reflective coating selectively disposed on the active surfaces;
a third refractive layer; and
a replica layer disposed between the Fresnel surface and the third refractive layer, the replica layer having the second refractive index, wherein the second refractive index is higher than the first refractive index.
2. The optical structure of claim 1 , wherein an average refractive index of the dichroic reflective coating is substantially the same as the second refractive index.
3. The optical structure of claim 1 further comprising:
a bonding material disposed between the dichroic reflective coating on the active surfaces and the replica layer, wherein the bonding material is also disposed between the draft surfaces and the replica layer, the bonding material having the second refractive index.
4. The optical structure of claim 1 , wherein the replica layer is cured and adhered to the draft surfaces, the dichroic reflective coating, and the third refractive layer.
5. The optical structure of claim 1 , wherein the dichroic reflective coating is configured to pass visible light and reflect near-infrared light.
6. The optical structure of claim 5 , wherein the dichroic reflective coating includes at least a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer.
7. The optical structure of claim 1 , wherein the first refractive layer includes at least one of poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate, cyclic-olefin polymer, styrene, or polyester.
8. The optical structure of claim 1 , wherein the third refractive layer has the first refractive index.
9. The optical structure of claim 1 , wherein the third refractive layer is bonded to the replica layer.
10. The optical structure of claim 1 , wherein the replica layer is a negative of the Fresnel surface.
11. A head mounted display (HMD) comprising:
a camera; and
an optical combiner configured to pass visible light to an eyebox area and configured to direct infrared light to the camera, wherein the infrared light is received from the eyebox area, the optical combiner including:
a first refractive layer having a first refractive index;
a Fresnel surface formed in a second refractive layer having a second refractive index, wherein the Fresnel surface includes active surfaces and draft surfaces;
a dichroic reflective coating selectively disposed on the active surfaces;
a third refractive layer; and
a replica layer disposed between the Fresnel surface and the third refractive layer, the replica layer having the second refractive index, wherein the second refractive index is higher than the first refractive index.
12. The HMD of claim 11 , wherein an average refractive index of the dichroic reflective coating is substantially the same as the second refractive index.
13. The HMD of claim 11 , wherein the replica layer is cured and adhered to the draft surfaces, the dichroic reflective coating, and the third refractive layer.
14. The HMD of claim 11 , wherein the dichroic reflective coating is configured to pass the visible light and reflect the infrared light, and wherein the dichroic reflective coating is a multilayer coating.
15. A method of fabricating an optical structure, the method comprising:
providing a first refractive layer having a first refractive index;
forming a Fresnel surface in a second refractive layer, wherein the Fresnel surface includes active surfaces and draft surfaces, and wherein the second refractive layer has a second refractive index different than the first refractive index;
selectively forming a coating on the active surfaces; and
forming a replica layer over the Fresnel surface, wherein the replica layer has the second refractive index, and wherein the replica layer is a negative of the Fresnel surface, the second refractive layer disposed between the first refractive layer and the replica layer.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein forming the replica layer over the Fresnel surface includes bonding the replica layer to the coating on the active surfaces with a bonding material having the second refractive index.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the replica layer is bonded to a third refractive layer having the first refractive index.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein forming the replica layer over the Fresnel surface includes:
securing a third refractive layer over the Fresnel surface;
filling replica gaps between the third refractive layer and the Fresnel surface with a curable material having the second refractive index; and
curing the curable material.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the third refractive layer has the first refractive index.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the curable material is adhered to the draft surfaces, the coating, and the third refractive layer.