Systems, methods, compositions and solutions for perfusing an organ

1. A perfusion system configured for maintaining an ex-vivo heart in a functioning state under physiological or near physiological conditions, the perfusion system comprising:

a first chamber comprising a first solution;

a second chamber comprising a second solution;

a mixing chamber;

a first fluid line in fluid communication with the first chamber and the second chamber,

wherein the first fluid line is configured to carry the first solution and the second solution to the mixing chamber; and

a perfusion circuit comprising:

a second fluid line in fluid communication with the mixing chamber, wherein the

second fluid line is configured to carry a mixed solution from the mixing chamber to the ex-vivo heart; and

a third fluid line in fluid communication with the ex-vivo heart, wherein the third fluid line is configured to carry the mixed solution away from the ex-vivo heart to the mixing chamber,

wherein the mixing chamber is configured to combine the first solution and the second solution into the mixed solution, and

wherein the perfusion system is configured to infuse the first solution and the second solution into the perfusion system at a rate of between about 10 mL/hr to about 40 mL/hr.

2. The system of claim 1 , comprising a third chamber, wherein the third chamber comprises a priming solution, and wherein the priming solution comprises mannitol and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the mixing chamber is configured to combine the first solution and the second solution with perfusion fluid.

4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the perfusion fluid comprises a blood product.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the blood product is synthetic blood.

6. The system of claim 2 , wherein the mixing chamber is configured to combine at least one of the first solution, the second solution, or the priming solution with a blood product.

7. The system of claim 2 , wherein one of at least the first solution, the second solution, or the priming solution comprises one or more cardio stimulants.

8. The system of claim 2 , wherein one of at least the first solution, the second solution, or the priming solution comprises adenosine.

9. The system of claim 2 , wherein one of at least the first solution, the second solution, or the priming solution comprises a magnesium ion source.

10. The system of claim 2 , wherein one of at least the first solution, the second solution, or the priming solution comprises one or more phosphates, wherein the one or more phosphates is one of adenosine triphosphate, a nucleotide, a phosphate derivative of a nucleotide, glycerophosphate, sodium glycerol phosphate, sodium phosphate, or potassium phosphate.

11. The system of claim 2 , wherein the priming solution comprises mannitol, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium glycerophosphate, or a combination thereof.

12. The system of claim 2 , wherein one of at least the first solution, the second solution, or the priming solution comprises insulin.

13. The system of claim 8 , wherein the one or more cardio stimulants is one of a catecholamine, a peptide, a polypeptide, a β1/β2-adrenoreceptor blocking agent, buplinarol, pindolol, alprenolol, a cardiac glycoside, digitalis, palustrin, ferulic acid, or a combination thereof.

14. The system of claim 8 , wherein the one or more cardio stimulants comprises epinephrine.

15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first solution comprises a plurality of amino acids selected from the group consisting of arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, lysine, and a combination thereof.

16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second solution comprises one or more carbohydrates selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and a combination thereof.

17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the one or more carbohydrates comprises dextrose.

18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first solution comprises an immuno-suppressant.

19. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first solution comprises a multi-vitamin composition, wherein the multi-vitamin composition comprises vitamin D3 or a vitamin D3 analog.

20. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first solution comprises one or more electrolytes.

21. The system of claim 20 , wherein the one or more electrolytes comprises calcium.

22. The system of claim 2 , wherein one of the first solution, the second solution, or the priming solution comprises a therapeutic agent.

23. The system of claim 1 , wherein the perfusion system is configured to infuse the first solution and the second solution into the perfusion system at a rate of about 30 mL/hr.

24. The system of claim 2 , wherein the perfusion system is configured to perfuse the mixed solution through the perfusion circuit at a rate of about 1 L/min.

25. The system of claim 3 , wherein the perfusion system is configured to infuse the priming solution into the perfusion circuit before combining the first solution and the second solution with the perfusion fluid.

26. The system of claim 2 , wherein the priming solution comprises sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium glycerophosphate, or a combination thereof.

27. The system of claim 1 , wherein the perfusion system is configured to infuse the first solution and the second solution into the mixing chamber at the rate of between about 10 mL/hr to about 40 mL/hr.