Optical detection of the position of the steering wheel

1. A system for detecting the position of a steering wheel of a motor vehicle, the steering wheel being equipped with a system for adjusting position, at least depthwise, the system comprising: a matrix-array optical detecting device, as a time-of-flight camera, enabling three-dimensional detection, said device including an infrared light source and a matrix-array optical sensor; and optical reference elements arranged on a rim of the steering wheel, on a side opposite the driver, the matrix-array optical detecting device being arranged in proximity to or in an instrument panel of the vehicle, the device being configured to optically detect the optical reference elements on the steering wheel, and determine a position of the steering wheel at least in a depthwise direction of the steering wheel relative to the driver based on the optical detection and the distance between the matrix-array optical detecting device and the optical reference elements on the steering wheel.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical reference elements comprise at least 3 almost-point-like optical reference marks.

3. The system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the steering wheel has a neutral position corresponding to driving in a straight line, and one of the almost-point-like optical reference marks is located in a highest position when the steering wheel is in the neutral position.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical reference elements are placed substantially on an arcuate curve following the rim of the steering wheel.

5. The system as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the optical reference elements comprise mirror elements and/or light traps.

6. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein provision is made for a correlated analysis of the light echoes with respect to the infrared light, which is emitted in a pulsed manner, the observed phase difference allowing the distance of the optical reference elements with respect to the matrix-array optical sensor to be calculated.

7. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heightwise adjustment position of the steering wheel and/or the depthwise adjustment position may be determined via geometric processing of the captured images and/or via the result of distance measurements obtained via a “time-of-flight/propagation” method.

8. A method for detecting the position of a steering wheel of a motor vehicle, in a heightwise position and a depthwise position, in a detecting system comprising a matrix-array optical detecting device as a time-of-flight camera, said device including an infrared light source and a matrix-array optical sensor, said system also comprising optical reference elements that are arranged on a rim of the steering wheel, on the side opposite the driver, the method comprising:

making a source emit modulated infrared light;

optically detecting, with the matrix-array optical sensor, the light echoes reflected by the optical reference elements;

carrying out calculations allowing a phase difference to be determined at each point on the matrix array and a distance between the matrix-array optical sensor and the various optical reference elements on the rim of the steering wheel to be deduced therefrom; and

determining the heightwise position and the depthwise position of the steering wheel relative to the driver based on the optical detection and the distance between the matrix-array optical sensor and the various optical reference elements.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein an angular position of the steering wheel is furthermore determined via detection of one or more almost-point-like optical reference marks.

10. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein a position of the one or more zones of observation of movements of fingers is continuously recalculated.

11. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical reference elements comprise at least three almost-point-like optical reference marks, each reference mark having a different shape.