LED apparatus employing neodymium based materials with variable content of fluorine and oxygen
The specification and drawings present a new apparatus such as a lighting apparatus, the apparatus comprising at least one LED (or OLED) module, configured to generate a visible light such as white light, and at least one component such as optical component comprising a compound consisting essentially of the elements neodymium (Nd) and fluorine (F), and optionally including one or more other elements. The lighting apparatus is configured to provide a desired light spectrum by filtering the generated visible light using the compound. The at least one component can comprise a NdF x O y compound with values of x and y determining a content ratio F/O, which may be adjusted during manufacturing of the NdF x O y compound to provide desired output light parameters of the apparatus including at least a desired output light spectrum realized by filtering the generated visible light using the NdF x O y compound.
1. An apparatus comprising:
at least one light emitting diode (LED) module, configured to generate a visible light; and
at least one component comprising a compound of NdF x O y having corresponding concentrations of neodymium (Nd), fluorine (F) and oxygen (O), where values of x and y determine a ratio of the F and O and are adjusted during manufacturing of the NdF x O y compound to provide desired output light parameters of the apparatus including at least a desired output light spectrum realized by filtering the generated visible light using the NdF x O y compound wherein the value of x is between 0.3 and 0.5, and the value of y is between 1.25 and 1.33.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein providing the desired output light parameters further include enhancement of one or more of: color correlated temperature (CCT), color saturation index (CSI), color rendering index (CRI), color rendering value R9, and revealness of the generated visible light.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the NdF x O y compound comprises a desired absorption peak in a wavelength range between about 560 nm and 600 nm to provide the desired output light spectrum.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein a desired refractive index at the desired absorption peak is from about 1.6 to about 1.8.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the NdF x O y compound is a single crystalline phase compound.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the NdF x O y compound is manufactured by wet chemical processing from neodymium oxide (Nd 2 O 3 ) using fluoridation processing with a flowing gas of fluorine (F 2 ) or with hydrofluoric acid (HF).
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein x and y in the NdF x O y are controlled during the fluoridation processing using varying one or more parameters including: hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration, processing temperature, reaction time, and fluorine gas (F 2 ) concentration.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the NdF x O y compound is manufactured by dry processing using a solid reaction method comprising blending neodymium oxide (Nd 2 O 3 ) with neodymium fluoride (NdF 3 ) at a predefined weight ratio of the Nd 2 O 3 and NdF 3 , to form a blended compound, followed by high temperature synthesis of the NdF x O y compound from the blended compound under a protective atmosphere of an inert gas, wherein the predefined weight ratio of the Nd 2 O 3 and NdF 3 corresponds to the ratio of F and O in the manufactured NdF x O y compound.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the inert gas comprises nitrogen (N 2 ) gas or argon (Ar) gas.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the predefined weight ratio of Nd 2 O 3 and NdF 3 is about 80% to about 20%, and the manufactured NdF x O y compound has a composition NdF 0.33 O 1.33 , with x being about 0.33 and y being about 1.33.
11. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein a temperature of the high temperature synthesis is greater than 800° C.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one LED module comprises an organic LED.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component is an encapsulating layer deposited on a top of the at least one LED module.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the encapsulating layer is a low temperature glass, a polymer, a polymer precursor, a polycarbonate, a plastic material, a thermoplastic or thermoset polymer or resin, a silicone, or a silicone epoxy resin.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the at least one component further comprises a phosphor.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component is an encapsulating layer deposited on a further encapsulating layer comprising a phosphor, the further encapsulating layer being deposited on a top of the at least one LED module.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component is an optical component comprising a transparent, translucent or reflective substrate with a coating on a surface of the substrate, the coating comprising the NdF x O y compound.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein a weight percentage of the compound in the coating is from about 1% to about 20%.
19. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein a thickness of the coating is in a range from about 50 nm to about 1000 microns.
20. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the substrate is a diffuser being selected from the group consisting of a bulb, a lens, and a dome enclosing the at least one LED module.