Functionalized acrylic process aids used for gloss and surface finish modification
A method of reducing gloss that results in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component that exhibits a reduced level of surface gloss; wherein, the PVC or other thermoplastic resin component comprises: a PVC resin; one or more process aids comprising at least one base polymer with one or more of the process aids being functionalized with about 0.5 wt. % to about 35 wt. % of a reactive epoxy, hydroxyl, or carboxylic acid functional group based on the total weight of the process aids; and optionally, at least one impact modifier. The PVC or other thermoplastic resin component exhibits a gloss reduction of at least 5 points measured at an angle of 85 degrees or less when compared to a similar PVC component in which the process aids are not functionalized.
1. A polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component with reduced surface gloss comprising:
a PVC resin and one or more crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aids that comprise at least one base polymer which is functionalized with about 1 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of a reactive epoxy or hydroxyl functional group based on the total weight of the process aids; and optionally, at least one core shell impact modifier; wherein the PVC exhibits a gloss reduction of at least 5 points measured at an angle of 85 degrees or less when compared to a similar PVC component in which the process aids are not functionalized, wherein the one or more crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aids have a molecular weight (Mw) that is 50,000 g/mol or higher in a filtered or unfiltered state and wherein a fraction of the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aid is insoluble in organic solvents, the insoluble fraction ranging from 1% to about 90% using extraction with acetone as a solvent, wherein the PVC resin and the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aids do not include added cross-linking agents other than the functional group on the processing aid.
2. The PVC component according to claim 1 , wherein the process aids are present in about 0.1 to about 12 phr of PVC resin.
3. The PVC component according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more process aids is functionalized with at least 5 wt. % of the reactive functional group based on the total weight of the process aids.
4. The PVC component according to claim 1 , wherein the PVC component exhibits a gloss reduction of at least 10 points when measured at an angle of 60 degrees or less, when compared to a similar PVC component in which the process aids are not functionalized.
5. The PVC component according to claim 1 , wherein the PVC component containing the functionalized process aids and the similar PVC component containing the non-functionalized process aids exhibit a comparable impact property; the impact property being measured as Izod impact or drop dart impact.
6. The PVC component according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive epoxy or hydroxyl functional group is derived from one or more of hydroxyl-substituted alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid; or epoxy group-containing monomers.
7. The PVC component according to claim 1 , wherein the base polymer of the one or more process aids comprises an acrylic polymer or copolymer.
8. The PVC component according to claim 7 , wherein the acrylic copolymer is derived from vinyl- or (meth)acrylic-containing monomers and derivatives thereof; styrene or styrene derivatives; olefins; dienes; or mixtures thereof.
9. The PVC component according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more process aids have a molecular weight (M w ) that is about 100,000 g/mol or higher.
10. An automotive product, a building material, a household or kitchen item, a medical or office supply product, apparel, or packaging for personal care product comprising the PVC resin component of claim 1 .
11. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component with reduced surface gloss of claim 1 wherein the one or more crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aids has a molecular weight (Mw) of at least 2,690,000 g/mol up to about 15,000,000 g/mol.
12. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component with reduced surface gloss of claim 1 wherein the insoluble fraction of the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell ranges from 4 to about 90%.
13. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component with reduced surface gloss of claim 1 wherein the insoluble fraction of the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell ranges from 10 to about 90%.
14. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component with reduced surface gloss of claim 1 wherein the insoluble fraction of the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell ranges from 20 to about 90%.
15. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component with reduced surface gloss of claim 1 wherein the one or more crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aids has a molecular weight (Mw) of at least 2,690,000 g/mol up to about 15,000,000 g/mol and wherein the insoluble fraction of the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell ranges from 10 to about 90%.
16. A method of reducing surface gloss of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component, the method comprising:
providing a PVC resin; forming at least one base polymer as a non-core-shell process aid;
functionalizing the at least one base polymer to form a crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aid; the base polymer being functionalized with about 1 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of a reactive epoxy or hydroxyl functional group based on the total weight of the process aid; and optionally, providing at least one core shell impact modifier; producing a PVC formulation from the PVC resin, the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aid, and the optional core shell impact modifier; and forming the PVC resin component from the PVC formulation;
wherein the PVC resin component exhibits a gloss reduction of at least 5 points measured at an angle of 85 degrees or less when compared to a similar PVC component in which the process aids are not functionalized, wherein the one or more crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aids have a molecular weight (Mw) that is 50,000 g/mol or higher in a filtered or unfiltered state and wherein a fraction of the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aid is insoluble in organic solvents, the insoluble fraction ranging from 1% to about 90% using extraction with acetone as a solvent, and wherein the PVC resin and the crosslinked functionalized non-core-shell process aids do not include added cross-linking agents other than the functional group on the processing aid.
17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the process aids are present in about 0.1 to about 12 phr of PVC resin.
18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the one or more process aids is functionalized with at least 5 wt. % of the reactive functional group based on the total weight of the process aids.
19. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the PVC resin component exhibits a gloss reduction of at least 10 points when measured at an angle of 60 degrees or less.
20. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the PVC resin component containing the functionalized process aids and the similar PVC component containing the non-functionalized process aids exhibit a comparable impact property; the impact property being measured as Izod impact or drop dart impact.
21. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the reactive epoxy or hydroxyl functional group is derived from one or more of hydroxyl-substituted alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid; or epoxy group-containing monomers.
22. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the base polymer of the one or more process aids comprises an acrylic polymer or copolymer.
23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the acrylic copolymer is derived from vinyl- or (meth)acrylic-containing monomers or derivatives thereof; styrene or styrene derivatives; olefins; dienes; or mixtures thereof.
24. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the one or more functionalized process aids have a molecular weight (M w ) that is about 100,000 g/mol or higher.