Determining residual friction reducer concentrations for subterranean treatment fluids
Systems and methods for treating subterranean formations including quantifying additive concentrations. Certain of those methods include; introducing a fluid including an aqueous base fluid and a friction reducer into a wellbore penetrating of a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create or enhance one or more fractures within the subterranean formation; recovering a portion of the fluid from the wellbore; adding a reactive agent to a sample of the portion of the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore, where the reactive agent reacts with the friction reducer to form a photo-detectable compound in the sample; measuring a light absorbance of the sample at a selected wavelength of light; and using the measured absorbance and a calibration curve for the selected wavelength of light to determine the concentration of the friction reducer in the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore.
1. A method comprising:
introducing a fluid comprising an aqueous base fluid and a friction reducer into a wellbore penetrating at least a portion of a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create or enhance one or more fractures within the subterranean formation;
recovering at least a portion of the fluid from the wellbore;
adding a reactive agent comprising an ammonium chloride cationic dye to a sample of the portion of the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore, wherein the reactive agent reacts with the friction reducer to form a photo-detectable compound in the sample;
measuring a light absorbance of the sample of the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore at a selected wavelength of light; and
using the measured absorbance and a calibration curve for the selected wavelength of light to determine the concentration of the friction reducer in the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of preparing the calibration curve, wherein the preparation of the calibration curve comprises:
preparing a plurality of reference fluid samples having a range of known concentrations of the friction reducer,
treating the reference fluid samples with the reactive agent,
measuring the light absorbance of each of the treated reference fluid samples, and
fitting a trend-line to the light absorbance data.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the reactive agent comprises diisobutylphenoxyethoxyethyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising adding a masking agent comprising sodium citrate to the sample before the reactive agent is added to the sample.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the photo-detectable compound is a precipitate.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the friction reducer comprises polyacrylamide.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid further comprises an additive selected from the group of additives consisting of a surfactant, a proppant particle, a corrosion inhibitor, a clay stabilizer, and any combination thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid is injected into the wellbore using one or more pumps.
9. A method comprising:
introducing a fluid comprising an aqueous base fluid and a friction reducer comprising polyacrylamide into a wellbore penetrating at least a portion of a subterranean formation;
recovering at least a portion of the fluid from the wellbore;
adding a reactive agent comprising diisobutylphenoxyethoxyethyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride to a sample of the portion of the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore, wherein the reactive agent reacts with the friction reducer to form a photo-detectable compound in the sample;
measuring a light absorbance of the sample of the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore at a selected wavelength of light; and
using the measured absorbance and a calibration curve for the selected wavelength of light to determine the concentration of the friction reducer in the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore.
10. The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of preparing the calibration curve, wherein the preparation of the calibration curve comprises:
preparing a plurality of reference fluid samples having a range of known concentrations of the friction reducer,
treating the reference fluid samples with the reactive agent,
measuring the light absorbance of each of the treated reference fluid samples, and
fitting a trend-line to the light absorbance data.
11. The method of claim 9 further comprising adding a masking agent comprising sodium citrate to the sample before the reactive agent is added to the sample.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein the photo-detectable compound is a precipitate.
13. The method of claim 9 wherein the fluid further comprises an additive selected from the group of additives consisting of a surfactant, a proppant particle, a corrosion inhibitor, a clay stabilizer, and any combination thereof.
14. The method of claim 9 wherein the fluid is injected using one or more pumps.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the fluid is injected into the wellbore at a pressure sufficient to create or enhance one or more fractures within the subterranean formation.
16. A method comprising:
introducing a fluid comprising an aqueous base fluid and a friction reducer comprising polyacrylamide into a wellbore penetrating at least a portion of a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create or enhance one or more fractures within the subterranean formation;
recovering at least a portion of the fluid from the wellbore;
adding a reactive agent comprising diisobutylphenoxyethoxyethyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride solution to a sample of the portion of the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore, wherein the reactive agent reacts with the friction reducer to form a photo-detectable compound in the sample;
measuring a light absorbance of the sample of the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore at a selected wavelength of light; and
using the measured absorbance and the calibration curve for the selected wavelength of light to determine the concentration of the friction reducer in the fluid that has been recovered from the wellbore.
17. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of preparing the calibration curve, wherein the preparation of the calibration curve comprises:
preparing a plurality of reference fluid samples having a range of known concentrations of the friction reducer,
treating the reference fluid samples with the reactive agent,
measuring the light absorbance of each of the treated reference fluid samples, and
fitting a trend-line to the light absorbance data.
18. The method of claim 16 further comprising adding a masking agent comprising sodium citrate to the sample before the reactive agent is added to the sample.
19. The method of claim 16 wherein the photo-detectable compound is a precipitate.
20. The method of claim 16 wherein the fluid further comprises an additive selected from the group of additives consisting of a surfactant, a proppant particle, a corrosion inhibitor, a clay stabilizer, and any combination thereof.