Method for the removal of oxygen from an industrial gas
Oxygen is removed from a gas feed such as a landfill gas, a digester gas or an industrial CO 2 off-gas by removing sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes from the feed gas, heating the feed gas, injecting one or more reactants for oxygen conversion into the heated feed gas, carrying out a selective catalytic oxygen conversion in at least onesuitable reactor and cleaning the resulting oxygen-depleted gas. The reactants to be injected comprise one or more of H 2 , CO, ammonia, urea, methanol, ethanol and dimethylether (DME).
1. A method for the removal of oxygen from an industrial gas feed, said process comprising the steps of:
(a) removing sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes from the feed gas,
(b) injecting one or more reactants for oxygen conversion into the feed gas,
(c) carrying out a selective catalytic oxygen conversion in at least one suitable reactor after removing sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes from the feed gas, wherein at least two reactors with cooling in between are used for the selective catalytic oxygen conversion,
(d) cleaning the resulting oxygen-depleted gas, and
(e) injecting additional one or more reactants between the at least two reactors,
wherein the feed gas is heated either prior to or following step (a) and wherein the selective catalytic oxygen conversion comprises converting oxygen to CO 2 and water, and
wherein injecting one or more reactants in step (b) and step (e) includes injecting more than one of H 2 , CO, ammonia, urea, methanol, ethanol and dimethylether (DME).
2. A method for the removal of oxygen from an industrial gas feed, said process comprising the steps of:
(a) removing sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes from the feed gas,
(b) injecting one or more reactants for oxygen conversion into the feed gas,
(c) carrying out a selective catalytic oxygen conversion in at least one suitable reactor after removing sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes from the feed gas, and
(d) cleaning the resulting oxygen-depleted gas,
wherein the feed gas is heated either prior to or following step (a) and wherein the selective catalytic oxygen conversion comprises converting oxygen to CO 2 and water, and
wherein injecting one or more reactants includes injecting more than one of H 2 , CO, ammonia, urea, methanol, ethanol and dimethyl-ether (DME).
3. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the gas feed, from which oxygen is to be removed, is a landfill gas, a digester gas or an industrial CO 2 off-gas.
4. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the cleaning in step (d) comprises removal of CO 2 in a separation unit, removal of N 2 and drying of the cleaned gas.
5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the energy recovered after each reactor is used in a re-boiler in a CO 2 separation unit.
6. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the feed gas is heated to a temperature of between 150° C. and 450° C. after removing the sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes.
7. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the feed gas is heated to a temperature of between 150 and 450° C. prior to removing the sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes.
8. Method according to claim 7 , wherein the feed gas to the sulfur and siloxane removal units is heated through heat exchange with an effluent gas from the selective catalytic oxygen conversion step.
9. Method according to claim 3 , wherein the landfill gas contains H 2 S and organic sulfur along with siloxanes, CO 2 , H 2 O, methane and various VOC (volatile organic carbon) compounds.
10. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the catalyst for the oxygen conversion comprises a metal selected among vanadium, tungsten, chromium, copper, manganese, molybdenum, platinum, palladium rhodium and ruthenium in metallic or metal oxide form supported on a carrier selected from alumina, titania, silica and ceria.
11. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the step of removing sulfur-containing compounds and siloxanes comprises converting the sulfur-containing compounds to SO 2 through selective catalytic conversion and that the SO 2 is removed in a scrubber.
12. Method according to claim 11 , wherein the SO 2 is removed in a wet caustic or H 2 O 2 scrubber or in a dry scrubber using a caustic sorbent.
13. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the selective catalytic oxygen conversion step comprises selectively converting oxygen to H 2 O and CO 2 .
14. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the one or more reactants and a catalyst in the selective catalytic oxygen conversion are chosen so that the catalyst oxidizes the one or more reactants without oxidizing methane in the feed stream.