Kinetic hydrate inhibitors for controlling gas hydrate formation in wet gas systems
Polymers are provided for use in inhibiting gas hydrate formation and/or corrosion in hydrocarbon-containing fluids. The polymer comprises repeat units derived from a first monomer comprising N-[3-(dibutylamino)propyl]methacrylamide (DBAPAMA) or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, N-[3-(diisobutyl)propyl]methacrylamide or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, N-[3-(diisopentyl)propyl]methacrylamide or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, or a combination thereof; and repeat units derived from a second monomer comprising acrylamide, N-alkylacrylamide, N-alkyl (alkyl)acrylamide, ((dialkylamino)alkyl)acrylamide or an alkyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, ((dialkylamino)alkyl)alkylacrylamide or an alkyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, acrylic acid, alkyl acrylate, N,N-(dialkylamino)alkyl acrylate or an alkyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, N,N-(dialkylamino)alkyl (alkyl)acrylate or an alkyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, hydroxyalkyl acrylate, hydroxyalkyl (alkyl)acrylate, acrylamido alkyl sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a diallyl dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt, or a combination thereof. The second monomer does not comprise the first monomer.
1. A polymer comprising:
repeat units derived from a first monomer comprising N-[3-(dibutylamino)propyl]methacrylamide (DBAPAMA) or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, N-[3-(diisobutyl)propyl]methacrylamide or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, N-[3-(diisopentyl)propyl]methacrylamide or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, or a combination thereof; and
repeat units derived from a second monomer comprising acrylamide, N-alkylacrylamide, N-alkyl (alkyl)acrylamide, ((dialkylamino)alkyl)acrylamide or an alkyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, ((dialkylamino)alkyl)alkylacrylamide or an alkyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof, acrylamido alkyl sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, or a combination thereof, wherein the second monomer does not comprise the first monomer.
2. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first monomer comprises DBAPAMA or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof.
3. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first monomer comprises N-[3-(diisobutyl)propyl]methacrylamide or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof.
4. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first monomer comprises N-[3-(diisopentyl)propyl]methacrylamide or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof.
5. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the second monomer comprises the N-alkylacrylamide, the N-alkyl (alkyl)acrylamide, or a combination thereof.
6. The polymer of claim 5 , wherein the N-alkylacrylamide comprises isopropylacrylamide (IPA) or isopropylmethacrylamide (IPMA).
7. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the second monomer comprises the ((dialkylamino)alkyl)acrylamide or an alkyl quaternary salt thereof, the ((dialkylamino)alkyl)alkylacrylamide or an alkyl quaternary salt thereof, or a combination thereof.
8. The polymer of claim 7 , wherein the ((dialkylamino)alkyl)acrylamide or an alkyl quaternary salt thereof comprises ((dimethylamino)propyl)acrylamide, acrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC), or a combination thereof; or the ((dialkylamino)alkyl)alkylacrylamide or an alkyl quaternary salt thereof comprises methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC), N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)methacrylamide, N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)methacrylamide, or a combination thereof.
9. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the second monomer comprises IPMA, MAPTAC, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid sodium salt, methacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, or a combination thereof.
10. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polymer is from about 300 Daltons to about 30,000 Daltons.
11. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the first monomer comprises DBAPAMA or an alkyl, acetyl, acryloyl or benzyl quaternary salt thereof and the second monomer comprises isopropylacrylamide (IPA) or isopropylmethacrylamide (IPMA).
12. The polymer of claim 11 , wherein the molar ratio of the second monomer to the first monomer is from about 7:1 to about 12:1.