Open electrodes for in-plane field generation

1. An electrode film, comprising:

a transparent film of dielectric material;

a first electrode pattern disposed on a surface of the transparent film including a first set of parallel conductive electrodes connected to a first bus, wherein the electrodes in the first set of parallel conductive electrodes have a first electrode width and a first electrode spacing, wherein the first electrode spacing is a distance between adjacent electrodes in the first set of parallel conductive electrodes, and wherein the first electrode spacing is between five times and 90 times that of the first electrode width;

a second electrode pattern disposed on the surface of the transparent film including a second set of parallel conductive electrodes connected to a second bus, wherein the electrodes in the second set of parallel conductive electrodes have a second electrode width and a second electrode spacing, wherein the second electrode spacing is a distance between adjacent electrodes in the second set of parallel conductive electrodes, and wherein the second electrode spacing is between five times and 90 times that of the second electrode width;

wherein the first and second sets of parallel conductive electrodes are arranged in an interlaced pattern;

wherein the conductive electrodes in the first and second electrode patterns are conductive mesh patterns including a pattern of open areas so that a transparency of each of the conductive electrodes is between 33% and 70%; and

wherein the first and second buses are configured to be connected to respective sources of electrical power supplying respective waveforms to generate a time-varying electric field pattern above a surface of the electrode film.

2. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the electrode film is a component of an electrodynamic screen system usable to self-remove particles of material deposited thereon.

3. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the width of the parallel conductive electrodes in the first and second electrode patterns is between 30 μm and 150 μm.

4. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the conductive mesh patterns of the first and second electrode patterns include a plurality of parallel rails interconnected by a pattern of rungs.

5. The electrode film of claim 4 , wherein a width of the rails is between 1 μm and 20 μm.

6. The electrode film of claim 4 , wherein a spacing between the rungs is at least 2×larger than a spacing between the rails.

7. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the conductive electrodes in the first and second electrode patterns are a metallic material electrolessly plated over a printed catalytic ink.

8. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the conductive electrodes in the first and second electrode patterns are a printed conductive ink.

9. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the conductive electrodes in the first and second electrode patterns are over the surface of the transparent film.

10. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the conductive electrodes in the first and second electrode patterns are embedded into the surface of the transparent film.

11. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the transparent film is a polymeric film or a glass film.

12. The electrode film of claim 1 , further including a layer of a dielectric material disposed over the conductive electrodes of the first and second electrode patterns on the surface of the transparent film.

13. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the electrode film is disposed over a surface of a solar panel.

14. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the electrode film is disposed over a surface of a solar concentrator element.

15. The electrode film of claim 1 , wherein the electrode film is disposed over a surface of a window.

16. An electrical device for generating an electric field pattern above a surface of a transparent film of dielectric material, comprising:

a first set of conductive electrodes on a surface of the transparent film, wherein the electrodes in the first set of conductive electrodes have a first electrode width and a first electrode spacing, wherein the first electrode spacing is a distance between adjacent electrodes in the first set of conductive electrodes, and wherein the first electrode spacing is between five times and 90 times that of the first electrode width;

a second set of conductive electrodes on the surface of the transparent film, wherein the second set of conductive electrodes is spaced apart from the first set of conductive electrodes by an electrode spacing, wherein the electrodes in the second set of conductive electrodes have a second electrode width and a second electrode spacing, wherein the second electrode spacing is a distance between adjacent electrodes in the second set of conductive electrodes, and wherein the second electrode spacing is between five times and 90 times that of the second electrode width;

wherein the first and second sets of conductive electrodes are configured to be connected to respective sources of electrical power supplying respective waveforms to generate an electric field pattern above a surface of the transparent film; and

wherein the first and second sets of conductive electrodes are conductive mesh patterns including a pattern of open areas so that the transparency of each of the conductive electrodes is between 33% and 70%.

17. The electrical device of claim 16 , wherein the first set of conductive electrodes is parallel to the second set of conductive electrodes.