Piston with broad ovate gallery
An aluminum piston including a cooling gallery with titled inner and outer side walls is provided. The piston comprises a ring belt with a ring grooves, and an iron insert is disposed in a top one of the ring grooves. To reduce stress and mass of the piston, material located under the iron insert is removed, so that the outer side wall of the cooling gallery is tilted toward the center axis. The inner side wall of the cooling gallery is tilted away from the center axis.
1. A piston, comprising:
a body portion formed of an aluminum material and extending around a center axis,
said body portion including a crown containing a cooling gallery,
said crown presenting a combustion surface,
said crown including a ring belt with a plurality of ring grooves,
said ring grooves including a top ring groove located closer to said combustion surface than the other ring grooves,
said cooling gallery of said body portion including an inner side wall and an outer side wall,
said inner side wall of said cooling gallery being tilted away from said center axis of said body portion,
said outer side wall of said cooling gallery being tilted toward said center axis of said body portion,
said outer side wall and said center axis of said body portion presenting an angle ranging from 5 to 45 degrees therebetween,
said cooling gallery having a volume, said body portion of said piston having a volume which includes said volume of said cooling gallery, and said volume of said cooling gallery being 10 to 12% of said volume of said body portion, and
an insert disposed in said top ring groove of said ring belt.
2. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said inner side wall and said outer side wall of said cooling gallery are connected by a top wall and a bottom wall, and said inner and outer side walls of said cooling gallery are longer than said top wall and longer than said bottom wall.
3. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said inner side wall and said outer side wall of said cooling gallery are connected by a top wall and a bottom wall, and said bottom wall is wider than said top wall of said cooling gallery.
4. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of said inner side wall and at least a portion of said outer side wall are concave when viewing said walls from a center of said cooling gallery.
5. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said inner side wall and said outer side wall of said cooling gallery are connected by a top wall and a bottom wall, and said top wall and said bottom wall are concave when viewing said walls from a center of said cooling gallery.
6. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said inner side wall and said outer side wall of said cooling gallery are connected by a top wall and a bottom wall, said inner side wall of said cooling gallery is more concave than said outer side wall, and a portion of said outer side wall is flat in a center portion and curves toward said bottom wall.
7. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said insert is formed of iron.
8. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said insert extends circumferentially around a center axis of said piston.
9. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said insert includes an upper wall disposed along an upper surface of said top ring groove, an inside wall disposed along an inside surface of said top ring groove, a lower wall disposed along a lower surface of said top ring groove, and said lower wall is spaced from said upper wall of said insert by a gap.
10. A piston according to claim 1 , wherein said aluminum material of said body portion is aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or another material formed primarily of aluminum,
said combustion surface of said crown includes a combustion bowl for exposure to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine,
said body portion includes pin bosses depending from said crown,
said pin bosses include pin bores,
said body portion includes a skirt depending from said crown,
said inner side wall and said outer side wall of said cooling gallery are connected by a top wall and a bottom wall,
said inner side wall of said cooling gallery is located closer to said center axis of said body portion than said outer side wall,
said outer side wall is located closer to said ring belt than said inner side wall,
at least a portion of said inner side wall, said outer side wall, said top wall, and said bottom wall are concave when viewing said walls from a center of said cooling gallery,
said inner and outer side walls are longer than said top wall and longer than said bottom wall,
said bottom wall is wider than said top wall,
said inner side wall is more concave than said outer side wall, and
a portion of said outer side wall is flat in a center portion and curves toward said bottom wall,
said cooling gallery has a volume,
said body portion of said piston has a volume which includes said volume of said cooling gallery,
said insert is formed of iron and extends circumferentially around said center axis,
said insert includes an upper wall disposed along an upper surface of said top ring groove,
said insert includes an inside wall disposed along an inside surface of said top ring groove, and
said insert includes a lower wall disposed along a lower surface of said top ring groove.
11. A method of manufacturing a piston, comprising the steps of:
providing a body portion formed of an aluminum material and extending around a center axis, the body portion including a crown containing a cooling gallery, the crown presenting a combustion surface, the crown including a ring belt with a plurality of ring grooves, the ring grooves including a top ring groove located closer to the combustion surface than the other ring grooves, the cooling gallery of the body portion including an inner side wall and an outer side wall, the inner side wall of the cooling gallery being tilted away from the center axis of the body portion, the outer side wall of the cooling gallery being tilted toward the center axis of the body portion, the outer side wall and the center axis of the body portion presenting an angle ranging from 5 to 45 degrees therebetween, the cooling gallery having a volume, the body portion of the piston having a volume which includes the volume of the cooling gallery, and the volume of the cooling gallery being 10 to 12% of the volume of the body portion, and
disposing an insert in the top ring groove of the ring belt.
12. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the cooling gallery are connected by a top wall and a bottom wall, and the inner and outer side walls of the cooling gallery are longer than the top wall and longer than the bottom wall.
13. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the cooling gallery are connected by a top wall and a bottom wall, and the bottom wall is wider than the top wall of the cooling gallery.
14. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the inner side wall and the outer side wall are concave when viewing the walls from a center of the cooling gallery.
15. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the insert is formed of iron.
16. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the insert extends circumferentially around a center axis of the piston.