Method of preparing copper-containing wood preserving compositions
The present invention relates to a method for producing copper ammonia solutions by reacting a cuprous oxide with ammonia, carbon dioxide and an oxidant. The resulting copper-containing solution can then be used to formulate a variety of wood preserving products.
1. A method for dissolving cuprous oxide comprising:
producing a reaction by mixing cuprous oxide, water, 5 to 25% by weight ammonia based on the total weight of an aqueous solution, carbon dioxide in an amount less than 15% by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous solution, an oxidant and a cationic surfactant to form the aqueous solution such that the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 5 hours based on the total weight of the aqueous solution,
wherein the cationic surfactant comprises a quaternary ammonium compound having a chemical structure comprising:
wherein the value of m is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of n is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of a is at least 1 and at most 5, the value of b is at least 1 and at most 5, and X − is an anion selected from the group consisting of borate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodide, formate, acetate, propionate, and other alkyl carboxylates.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein carbon dioxide is provided in a form of carbon dioxide, dry ice, carbonic acid, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 3 hours.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 1 hour.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has a chemical structure comprising:
wherein the value of in is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of n is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of a is at least 1 and at most 5, the value of b is at least 1 and at most 5, and X − is an anion selected from the group consisting of borate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodide, formate, acetate, propionate, and other alkyl carboxylates.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has a chemical structure comprising:
wherein the value of m is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of n is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of a is at least 1 and at most 5, the value of b is at least 1 and at most 5, and X − is an anion selected from the group consisting of borate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodide, formate, acetate, propionate, and other alkyl carboxylates.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has a chemical structure comprising:
wherein the value of m is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of n is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of a is at least 1 and at most 5, the value of b is at least 1 and at most 5, and X − is an anion selected from the group consisting of borate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodides, formate, acetate, propionate, and other alkyl carboxylates.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is n-alkydimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium carbonate/bicarbonate, didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride, didecyldimethyl ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate, didodecyldimethyl ammonium chloride, didodecyldimethyl ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate, cocobis(2-hydroxyethyl) methylammonium chloride, or didecylmethylpoly(oxyethyl)ammonium propionate.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is (C 12 -C 18 ) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixing comprises introducing the oxidant to the solution at a flow rate of between 0.5 and 100 standard cubic feet per hour (SCFH).
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the oxidant flow rate is between 0.5 and 5 SCFH.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 5 hours.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 3 hours.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 1 hour.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein said reaction is maintained between 20° C. to 95° C.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cationic surfactant is an amount sufficient to produce an average dissolution rate at least twice that observed in the absence of the cationic surfactant.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 5 hours.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 3 hours.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the aqueous solution contains between 5 and 12% dissolved copper within 1 hour.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the cationic surfactant is present in an amount between 0.125 and 0.250% by weight.
21. The method of claim 16 , wherein the cuprous oxide, the water, the ammonia, the oxidant and the cationic surfactant are mixed in a single reaction chamber.
22. The method of claim 16 , wherein the cationic surfactant is in a concentration sufficient to produce a copper solution at an average dissolution rate at least 5-fold that observed in the absence of the cationic surfactant.
23. The method of claim 16 , wherein the cationic surfactant is in a concentration sufficient to produce a copper solution at an average dissolution rate at least 10-fold that observed in the absence of the cationic surfactant.
24. The method of claim 16 , wherein the cationic surfactant is in a concentration sufficient to produce a copper solution at an average dissolution rate at least 50% greater than that observed in the absence of the cationic surfactant.
25. The method of claim 16 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has a chemical structure comprising:
wherein the value of m is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of n is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of a is at least 1 and at most 5, the value of b is at least 1 and at most 5, and X − is an anion selected from the group consisting of borate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodide, formate, acetate, propionate, and other alkyl carboxylates.
26. The method of claim 16 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has a chemical structure comprising:
wherein the value of m is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of n is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of a is at least 1 and at most 5, the value of b is at least 1 and at most 5, and X − is an anion selected from the group consisting of borate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodide, formate, acetate, propionate, and other alkyl carboxylates.
27. The method of claim 16 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has a chemical structure comprising:
wherein the value of m is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of n is at least 1 and at most 20, the value of a is at least 1 and at most 5, the value of b is at least 1 and at most 5, and X − is an anion selected from the group consisting of borate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, bromide, iodides, formate, acetate, propionate, and other alkyl carboxylates.
28. The method of claim 16 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is n-alkydimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium carbonate/bicarbonate, didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride, didecyldimethyl ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate, didodecyldimethyl ammonium chloride, didodecyldimethyl ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate, cocobis(2-hydroxyethyl) methylammonium chloride, or didecylmethylpoly(oxyethyl)ammonium propionate.
29. The method of claim 16 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is (C 12 -C 18 ) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
30. The method of claim 16 , wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is low foaming.
31. The method of claim 16 , wherein said reaction is maintained between 20° C. to 95° C.
32. The method of claim 1 further comprising a defoaming agent.
33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the defoaming agent is a silicon polymer.
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein the silicon polymer is polyoxylalkylene silicon.
35. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cationic surfactant is a low-foaming surfactant.
36. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant is oxygen, air, ozone, or hydrogen peroxide.
37. The method of claim 1 , wherein said reaction is maintained between 20° C. to 95° C.
38. The method of claim 1 , wherein the value of m and n is 10 or 12, the value of a is 1, the value of b is 1, and X − is borate, chloride, propionate, carbonate, or bicarbonate.