Delivering tumor treating fields (TTFields) to the infratentorial brain
This application discloses an improved approach for delivering Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) at a therapeutically effective strength to the infratentorial regions of the brain. A first set of electrode elements is positioned on top of the head and a second set of electrode elements is positioned on the back of the neck. Third and fourth sets of electrode elements are positioned on the lower back right and the lower back left portions of the scalp, respectively. Applying an AC voltage between the first and second sets of electrode elements generates a generally vertical field in the infratentorial regions of the brain; and applying an AC voltage between the third and fourth sets of electrode elements generates a generally horizontal field in those regions.
1. A method of treating a tumor located in an infratentorial region of a person's brain, the method comprising:
affixing a first set of electrode elements having a first centroid to the person's scalp with the first centroid positioned on top of the person's head;
affixing a second set of electrode elements having a second centroid to the back of the person's neck with the second centroid positioned between the person's C2 and C7 vertebrae;
affixing a third set of electrode elements having a third centroid to a right half of the person's scalp, with the third centroid positioned posterior with respect to an external opening of the person's right ear canal, and inferior with respect to a midpoint of a glabella of a frontal bone of the person's skull;
affixing a fourth set of electrode elements having a fourth centroid to a left half of the person's scalp, with the fourth centroid positioned posterior with respect to an external opening of the person's left ear canal, and inferior with respect to the midpoint of the glabella of the frontal bone of the person's skull; and
repeating, in an alternating sequence (a) applying an alternating voltage between the first set of electrode elements and the second set of electrode elements, and (b) applying an alternating voltage between the third set of electrode elements and the fourth set of electrode elements,
wherein the repeating is performed after affixing the first, second, third, and fourth sets of electrode elements, and
wherein an electric field with an intensity of at least 1 V/cm is induced in at least a portion of the infratentorial region of the person's brain during the repeating step.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the third centroid is at least 2 cm posterior with respect to the external opening of the person's right ear canal, and wherein the fourth centroid is at least 2 cm posterior with respect to the external opening of the person's left ear canal.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode elements of the first, second, third, and fourth sets are capacitively coupled.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the first set of electrode elements and the second set of electrode elements has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz, and wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the third set of electrode elements and the fourth set of electrode elements has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, the second set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, the third set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, and the fourth set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of electrode elements is affixed with the first centroid positioned between 1 and 3 cm anterior to a vertex of the person's head.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of electrode elements is affixed with the second centroid positioned between the person's C3 and C6 vertebrae.
8. A method of treating a tumor located in an infratentorial region of a person's brain, the method comprising:
affixing a first set of electrode elements having a first centroid to the person's scalp with the first centroid positioned on top of the person's head;
affixing a second set of electrode elements having a second centroid to the back of the person's neck with the second centroid positioned between the person's C2 and C7 vertebrae;
affixing a third set of electrode elements having a third centroid to the person's scalp with the third centroid positioned directly to the right of the person's cerebellum;
affixing a fourth set of electrode elements having a fourth centroid to the person's scalp with the fourth centroid positioned directly to the left of the person's cerebellum; and
repeating, in an alternating sequence (a) applying an alternating voltage between the first set of electrode elements and the second set of electrode elements, and (b) applying an alternating voltage between the third set of electrode elements and the fourth set of electrode elements,
wherein the repeating is performed after affixing the first, second, third, and fourth sets of electrode elements, and
wherein an electric field with an intensity of at least 1 V/cm is induced in at least a portion of the infratentorial region of the person's brain during the repeating step.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the electrode elements of the first and second sets are capacitively coupled.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the first set of electrode elements and the second set of electrode elements has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, and the second set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the first set of electrode elements is affixed with the first centroid positioned between 1 and 3 cm anterior to a vertex of the person's head.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the second set of electrode elements is affixed with the second centroid positioned between the person's C3 and C6 vertebrae.
14. A method of treating a tumor located in an infratentorial region of a person's brain, the method comprising:
affixing a first set of electrode elements having a first centroid to the person's scalp with the first centroid positioned on top of the person's head;
affixing a second set of electrode elements having a second centroid to the back of the person's neck with the second centroid positioned between the person's C2 and C7 vertebrae; and
applying an alternating voltage between the first set of electrode elements and the second set of electrode elements,
wherein the applying is performed after affixing the first and second sets of electrode elements, and
wherein an electric field with an intensity of at least 1 V/cm is induced in at least a portion of the infratentorial region of the person's brain during the repeating step.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the electrode elements of the first and second sets are capacitively coupled.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the first set of electrode elements and the second set of electrode elements has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the first set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, and the second set of electrode elements comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the first set of electrode elements is affixed with the first centroid positioned between 1 and 3 cm anterior to a vertex of the person's head.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the second set of electrode elements is affixed with the second centroid positioned between the person's C3 and C6 vertebrae.