Cobalt based alloy additive manufactured article, cobalt based alloy product, and method for manufacturing same
There is provided an additive manufactured (AM) article formed of a Co based alloy having a composition comprising: in mass %, 0.08-0.25% C; 0.1% or less B; 10-30% Cr; 30% or less in total of Fe and Ni, the Fe being 5% or less; 5-12% in total of W and/or Mo; 0.5-2% in total of Ti, Zr, Nb and Ta; 0.5% or less Si; 0.5% or less Mn; 0.003-0.04% N; and the balance being Co and impurities. The AM article comprises crystal grains with an average size of 10-100 μm. In the crystal grains, segregation cells with an average size of 0.15-1.5 μm are formed, in which components constituting an MC type carbide phase comprising the Ti, Zr, Nb and/or Ta are segregated in boundary regions of the cells, and/or grains of the MC type carbide phase are precipitated at an average intergrain distance of 0.15-1.5 μm.
1. An additive manufactured article made by selective laser melting formed of a cobalt based alloy, the cobalt based alloy having a chemical composition comprising:
0.08 to 0.25 mass % of carbon;
0.1 mass % or less of boron;
10 to 30 mass % of chromium;
5 mass % or less of iron, 30 mass % or less of nickel, the total amount of the iron and the nickel being 30 mass % or less;
tungsten and/or molybdenum, the total amount of the tungsten and the molybdenum being 5 to 12 mass %;
titanium, zirconium, niobium and tantalum, the total amount of the titanium, the zirconium, the niobium and the tantalum being 0.5 to 2 mass %;
0.5 mass % or less of silicon;
0.5 mass % or less of manganese;
0.003 to 0.04 mass % of nitrogen; and
the balance being cobalt and impurities,
wherein the additive manufactured article is a polycrystalline body comprising crystal grains with an average crystal grain size of 10 to 100 μm, and
wherein in the crystal grains of the polycrystalline body, segregation cells with an average size of 0.15 to 1.5 μm are formed, in which components constituting an MC type carbide phase comprising carbides of the titanium, the zirconium, the niobium and/or the tantalum are segregated in boundary regions of the segregation cells, and/or
wherein grains of the MC type carbide phase are precipitated at an average intergrain distance of 0.15 to 1.5 μm.
2. The cobalt based alloy additive manufactured article according to claim 1 , wherein
the chemical composition of the cobalt based alloy comprises 0.01 to 1 mass % of the titanium, 0.05 to 1.5 mass % of the zirconium, 0.02 to 1 mass % of the niobium, and 0.05 to 1.5 mass % of the tantalum.
3. The cobalt based alloy additive manufactured article according to claim 1 , wherein
the chemical composition of the cobalt based alloy comprises, as the impurities, 0.5 mass % or less of aluminum and 0.04 mass % or less of oxygen.
4. A cobalt based alloy product formed of a cobalt based alloy, the cobalt based alloy having a chemical composition comprising:
0.08 to 0.25 mass % of carbon;
0.1 mass % or less of boron;
10 to 30 mass % of chromium;
5 mass % or less of iron, 30 mass % or less of nickel, the total amount of the iron and the nickel being 30 mass % or less;
tungsten and/or molybdenum, the total amount of the tungsten and the molybdenum being 5 to 12 mass %;
titanium, zirconium, niobium and tantalum, the total amount of the titanium, the zirconium, the niobium and the tantalum being 0.5 to 2 mass %;
0.5 mass % or less of silicon;
0.5 mass % or less of manganese;
0.003 to 0.04 mass % of nitrogen; and
the balance being cobalt and impurities,
wherein the product is a polycrystalline body comprising crystal grains with an average crystal grain size of 20 to 145 μm, and
wherein in the crystal grains of the polycrystalline body, grains of an MC type carbide phase comprising carbides of the titanium, the zirconium, the niobium and/or the tantalum are precipitated at an average intergrain distance of 0.15 to 1.5 μm.
5. The cobalt based alloy product according to claim 4 , wherein
the product exhibits a 0.2% proof stress of 500 MPa or more at room temperature and a creep temperature endurable for 100,000 hours at a stress of 58 MPa being 875° C. or higher.
6. The cobalt based alloy product according to claim 4 , wherein
the chemical composition of the cobalt based alloy comprises 0.01 to 1 mass % of the titanium, 0.05 to 1.5 mass % of the zirconium, 0.02 to 1 mass % of the niobium, and 0.05 to 1.5 mass % of the tantalum.
7. The cobalt based alloy product according to claim 4 , wherein
the chemical composition of the cobalt based alloy comprises, as the impurities, 0.5 mass % or less of aluminum and 0.04 mass % or less of oxygen.
8. The cobalt based alloy product according to claim 4 , wherein
the product is a turbine high temperature component.
9. The cobalt based alloy product according to claim 8 , wherein
the turbine high temperature component is a turbine stator blade or a combustor nozzle.
10. A method for manufacturing the cobalt based alloy additive manufactured article according to claim 1 , the method comprising:
an alloy powder preparation step of preparing a cobalt based alloy powder having the chemical composition, the cobalt based alloy powder having a particle size; and
a selective laser melting step of forming an additive manufactured article, the step comprising alternate repetition of an alloy powder bed preparation substep of laying the cobalt based alloy powder such that it forms an alloy powder bed having a predetermined thickness and a laser melting solidification substep of irradiating a predetermined region of the alloy powder bed with a laser beam to locally melt and rapidly solidify the cobalt based alloy powder in the region, the laser beam having an output power and a scanning speed,
wherein the predetermined thickness of the alloy powder bed h (unit: μm), the output power of the laser beam P (unit: W), and the scanning speed of the laser beam S (unit: mm/s) are controlled to satisfy the following formulas: “15<h<150” and “67×(P/S)−3.5<h<2222×(P/S)+13”.
11. The method for manufacturing the cobalt based alloy additive manufacturing article according to claim 10 , wherein
the alloy powder preparation step comprises an alloy powder classification substep of regulating the particle size of the cobalt based alloy powder to 5 to 100 μm.
12. A method for manufacturing the cobalt based alloy product according to claim 4 , the method comprising:
an alloy powder preparation step of preparing a cobalt based alloy powder having the chemical composition, the cobalt based alloy powder having a particle size;
a selective laser melting step of forming an additive manufactured article, the step comprising alternate repetition of an alloy powder bed preparation substep of laying the cobalt based alloy powder such that it forms an alloy powder bed having a predetermined thickness and a laser melting solidification substep of irradiating a predetermined region of the alloy powder bed with a laser beam to locally melt and rapidly solidify the cobalt based alloy powder in the region, the laser beam having an output power and a scanning speed; and
a solution heat treatment step of subjecting the additive manufactured article to a solution treatment at temperatures ranging from 1,100 to 1,200° C. with a holding duration of 0.5 to 10 hours,
wherein the predetermined thickness of the alloy powder bed h (unit: μm), the output power of the laser beam P (unit: W), and the scanning speed of the laser beam S (unit: mm/s) are controlled to satisfy the following formulas: “15<h<150” and “67×(P/S)−3.5<h<2222×(P/S)+13”.
13. The method for manufacturing the cobalt based alloy product according to claim 12 , wherein
the alloy powder preparation step comprises an alloy powder classification substep of regulating the particle size of the cobalt based alloy powder to 5 to 100 μm.
14. The method for manufacturing the cobalt based alloy product according to claim 12 , wherein
the method further comprises an aging heat treatment step of subjecting the additive manufactured article to an aging treatment at temperatures ranging from 750 to 1,000° C. with a holding duration of 0.5 to 10 hours after the solution heat treatment step.
15. The method for manufacturing the cobalt based alloy product according to claim 13 , wherein
the method further comprises an aging heat treatment step of subjecting the additive manufactured article to an aging treatment at temperatures ranging from 750 to 1,000° C. with a holding duration of 0.5 to 10 hours after the solution heat treatment step.
16. The cobalt based alloy additive manufactured article according to claim 2 , wherein
the chemical composition of the cobalt based alloy comprises, as the impurities, 0.5 mass % or less of aluminum and 0.04 mass % or less of oxygen.
17. The cobalt based alloy product according to claim 6 , wherein
the chemical composition of the cobalt based alloy comprises, as the impurities, 0.5 mass % or less of aluminum and 0.04 mass % or less of oxygen.