Circulator failure detection in HVAC systems
An example HVAC system includes a furnace including a gas valve, a circulator motor to circulate air through the HVAC system, and a current sensor configured to detect a current supplied to the circulator motor. The system also includes a controller configured to disable the gas valve when a detected current supplied to the circulator motor is outside of a specified operating current range. A detected current to the circulator motor outside of the specified operating current range is indicative of a malfunction of the circulator motor. Example methods of operating a gas valve in an HVAC system are also disclosed.
1. An HVAC system comprising:
a heated air furnace including a gas valve;
an electronically controlled circulator motor to circulate heated air through the HVAC system, wherein the electronically controlled circulator motor comprises an electronically commutated motor (ECM);
a current sensor configured to detect a current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor, and measure a peak of the detected current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor; and
a controller configured to:
determine whether the current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor is outside of a specified operating range by determining whether the measured peak of the detected current is below a specified current threshold value indicative that the electronically controlled circulator motor is not running or is running at an incorrect speed; and
disable the gas valve by opening a relay switch electrically coupled with the gas valve to interrupt a gas valve control signal from the controller to the gas valve, in response to determining that the current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor is outside of the specified operating current range due to the measured peak of the detected current being below the specified current threshold value, wherein the detected current to the electronically controlled circulator motor outside of the specified operating current range is indicative of a malfunction of the electronically controlled circulator motor.
2. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the current sensor comprises a current transformer.
3. The HVAC system of claim 2 , further comprising one or more wires or bus bars coupled to the electronically controlled circulator motor to supply the current to the electronically controlled circulator motor, wherein at least one of the one or more wires or bus bars extends through the current transformer.
4. The HVAC system of claim 3 , wherein the at least one wire or bus bar extending through the current transformer is coupled with a multi-position connector on a circuit board.
5. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the current sensor comprises a Hall effect sensor.
6. The HVAC system of claim 5 , further comprising a panel including an electrically-conductive trace electrically coupled with the electronically controlled circulator motor to supply the current to the electronically controlled circulator motor, wherein the Hall effect sensor is mounted on an opposite side of the panel from the electrically-conductive trace.
7. The HVAC system of claim 1 , further comprising a return air temperature sensor or a supply air sensor in communication with the controller, wherein the controller is configured to disable the gas valve in response to a detected return air temperature or a detected supply air temperature outside of a specified operating temperature range.
8. The HVAC system of claim 1 , further comprising a pressure sensor or an air flow sensor in communication with the controller, wherein the controller is configured to disable the gas valve in response to a detected pressure or a detected air flow outside of a specified operating air supply range.
9. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the specified operating current range includes a current value corresponding to a 120 VAC supply.
10. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to detect a voltage of a control signal supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor.
11. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the electronically controlled circulator motor includes one or more taps, and the controller is configured to detect a current in the one or more taps of the electronically controlled circulator motor.
12. The HVAC system of claim 11 , wherein the controller is configured to detect whether the electronically controlled circulator motor includes a shared optoisolator between the taps of the electronically controlled circulator motor, to identify a type of the electronically controlled circulator motor.
13. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the electronically commutated motor comprises an X-13 electronically commutated motor.
14. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to receive the detected current during at least one of a startup of the furnace and a subsequent cycle of the heated air furnace.
15. A method of operating a gas valve in an HVAC system, the HVAC system including an electronically controlled circulator motor to circulate heated air through the HVAC system, and a current sensor, the method comprising:
detecting, by the current sensor, a current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor, wherein the electronically controlled circulator motor comprises an electronically commutated motor (ECM);
measuring a peak of the detected current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor;
determining whether the detected current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor is outside of a specified operation range by determining whether the measured peak of the detected current is below a specified current threshold value indicative that the electronically controlled circulator motor is not running or is running at an incorrect speed; and
disabling the gas valve by varying a modulation setting of the gas valve or opening a relay switch electrically coupled with the gas valve to interrupt a gas valve control signal from the controller to the gas valve, in response to determining that the current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor is outside of the specified operating current range due to the measured peak of the detected current being below the specified current threshold value, wherein the detected current to the electronically controlled circulator motor outside of the specified operating current range is indicative of a malfunction of the electronically controlled circulator motor.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the current sensor comprises a current transformer or a Hall effect sensor.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising one or more wires or bus bars coupled to the electronically controlled circulator motor to supply the current to the electronically controlled circulator motor, wherein the current sensor comprises the current transformer, at least one of the one or more wires or bus bars extends through the current transformer, and the at least one wire or bus bar extending through the current transformer is coupled with a multi-position connector on a circuit board.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising disabling the gas valve in response to detecting a return air temperature or a detected supply air temperature outside of a specified operating temperature range, or in response to detecting a pressure or an air flow outside of a specified operating air supply range.
19. An HVAC system comprising:
a heated air furnace including a gas valve;
an electronically controlled circulator motor to circulate heated air through the HVAC system, wherein the electronically controlled circulator motor comprises an electronically commutated motor (ECM);
at least one of a return air temperature sensor, a supply air sensor, a pressure sensor, or an air flow sensor; and
a controller in communication with said at least one of a return air temperature sensor, a supply air sensor, a pressure sensor, or an air flow sensor, the controller configured to disable the gas valve by opening a relay switch electrically coupled with the gas valve to interrupt a gas valve control signal from the controller to the gas valve, in response to determining that a measured peak of a current supplied to the electronically controlled circulator motor is below a specified threshold value indicative that the electronically controlled circulator motor is not running or is running at an incorrect speed, and at least one of a detected return air temperature or a detected supply air temperature is outside of a specified operating temperature range and a detected pressure or a detected air flow is outside of a specified operating air supply range.
20. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the current sensor is integrated with the controller or is located on a same circuit board as the controller.