Methods of controlling nanowire morphology
Disclosed herein are synthetic methods of producing silver nanowires with controlled morphology, as well as purifying the same. Also disclosed are coating solutions comprising populations of silver nanowires of certain length and diameter distributions.
1. A coating solution comprising a plurality of silver nanostructures, wherein:
more than 80% of the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 are less than about 25 nm in diameter, and
the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 have a mean length of about 12-20 μm and a standard deviation of about 6-8 μm.
2. The coating solution of claim 1 , wherein more than 90% of the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 are more than 5 μm long.
3. The coating solution of claim 1 , wherein more than 85% of the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 have a length of 5-25 μm.
4. The coating solution of claim 1 , wherein the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 have a mean diameter of about 21-23 nm and a standard deviation of about 3-4 nm.
5. The coating solution of claim 1 , wherein the diameter of more than 95% of the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 is about 15-30 nm.
6. The coating solution of claim 1 , comprising a binder, a surfactant, and a dispersing fluid.
7. The coating solution of claim 6 , wherein the binder comprises at least one of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), methyl cellulose, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxy methyl cellulose, or hydroxy ethyl cellulose.
8. The coating solution of claim 6 , wherein the surfactant comprises at least one of fluorosurfactants, alkylphenol ethoxylates, octylphenol ethoxylates, or nonylphenol ethoxylates.
9. The coating solution of claim 6 , wherein the dispersing fluid comprises at least one of water or alcohol.
10. The coating solution of claim 6 , wherein the dispersing fluid comprises water and isopropanol.
11. The coating solution of claim 6 , wherein a mass ratio of silver to the binder in the coating solution is about 1:2.
12. The coating solution of claim 6 , wherein a loading of the surfactant is about 250 ppm.
13. The coating solution of claim 1 , wherein an amount of silver in the coating solution is between about 0.05-1.4 wt %.
14. A conductive film prepared by a coating solution of claim 1 .
15. The conductive film of claim 14 , wherein the conductive film has a haze of less than 1.3% at a sheet resistance of less than about 35 ohms/sq.
16. The conductive film of claim 14 , wherein the conductive film has a haze of less than about 0.23% at a sheet resistance of less than about 366 ohms/sq.
17. The conductive film of claim 14 , wherein the conductive film has a haze of less than about 0.2% at a sheet resistance of less than about 752 ohms/sq.
18. A coating solution comprising a plurality of silver nanostructures, wherein:
more than 80% of the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 are less than about 25 nm in diameter, and
the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 have a mean diameter of about 21-23 nm and a standard deviation of about 3-4 nm.
19. A coating solution comprising a plurality of silver nanostructures, wherein:
more than 80% of the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 are less than about 25 nm in diameter, and
an amount of silver in the coating solution is between about 0.05-1.4 wt %.
20. The coating solution of claim 19 , wherein the silver nanostructures with aspect ratios of at least 3 have a mean diameter of about 21-23 nm and a standard deviation of about 3-4 nm.