Hardware timed over-the-air antenna characterization
Antenna characterization systems and methods are described for hardware-timed testing of integrated circuits (IC) with integrated antennas configured for over-the-air transmission and/or reception. An IC to be tested (e.g., the device under test (DUT)) may be mounted to an adjustable positioner in an anechoic chamber. Radio frequency (RF) characteristics (e.g., including transmission characteristics, reception characteristics, and/or beamforming characteristics) of the IC may be tested over-the-air using an array of antennas or probes within the anechoic chamber while continually transitioning the adjustable positioner through a plurality of orientations. Counters and reference trigger intelligence may be employed to correlate measurement results with orientations of the DUT.
1. An antenna characterization system (ACS), comprising:
a computer comprising a processor coupled to a non-transitory memory medium;
a chamber;
a radio frequency (RF) measurement system coupled to the computer, wherein the RF measurement system is configured to perform RF measurements of a device under test (DUT); and
an adjustable positioner positioned within the chamber and coupled to the computer, wherein the adjustable positioner is configured to:
position the DUT within the chamber according to a plurality of orientations, wherein said positioning the DUT within the chamber according to the plurality of orientations comprises continually transitioning the DUT through the plurality of orientations without halting the motion of the adjustable positioner between orientations;
automatically transmit one or more signals to the computer in response to the adjustable positioner positioning the DUT according to each of the plurality of orientations,
wherein the computer is configured to:
in response to receiving the signals from the adjustable positioner, transmit a plurality of acquisition triggers to the RF measurement system to acquire a plurality of RF measurements of the DUT;
receive results of the plurality of RF measurements from the RF measurement system; and
generate antenna characterization information based at least in part on the signals received from the adjustable positioner and the results of the plurality of RF measurements,
wherein said continually transitioning the AUT through the plurality of orientations is performed at a speed such that the time between successive transmissions of the one or more signals is greater than an acquisition time of each of the RF measurement.
2. The ACS of claim 1 ,
wherein the adjustable positioner comprises hardware sensors configured to detect the orientation of the adjustable positioner,
wherein the one or more signals are transmitted in response to detection by the hardware sensors of the adjustable positioner being oriented according to each of the plurality of orientations.
3. The ACS of claim 1 ,
wherein the antenna characterization information is usable to design antenna characteristics of the DUT.
4. The ACS of claim 1 , wherein in generating the antenna characterization information, the computer is configured to:
correlate the results of the plurality of RF measurements with the signals received from the adjustable positioner to determine a respective orientation of the plurality of orientations of the DUT corresponding to each of the results of the RF measurements; and
store a correlated list of results of the plurality of RF measurements and their respective orientations of the DUT in the memory medium.
5. The ACS of claim 4 ,
wherein the computer is further configured to:
adjust one or more counter values based on the signals received from the adjustable positioner, wherein said correlating the results of the plurality of RF measurements with the signals received from the adjustable positioner comprises determining an orientation of the DUT based on the adjusted one or more counter values.
6. The ACS of claim 1 ,
wherein the computer is further configured to:
transmit a stop trigger to the adjustable positioner to halt the motion of the adjustable positioner concurrently with said transmission of each of the acquisition triggers to the RF measurement system, and
wherein the RF measurement system is configured to:
transmit a start trigger to the adjustable positioner to resume the motion of the adjustable positioner upon completion of each of the RF measurement acquisitions.
7. The ACS of claim 1 ,
wherein said transmission by the adjustable positioner of the one or more signals to the computer and said transmission by the computer of the plurality of acquisition triggers to the RF measurement system is performed via direct hardware signaling.
8. The ACS of claim 1 ,
wherein the chamber is an anechoic chamber.
9. A method for performing an antenna characterization process, the method comprising:
by an adjustable positioner positioned within a chamber and coupled to a computer:
positioning a device-under-test (DUT) within the chamber according to a plurality of orientations, wherein said positioning the DUT within the chamber according to the plurality of orientations comprises continually transitioning the DUT through the plurality of orientations without halting the motion of the adjustable positioner between orientations; and
automatically transmitting one or more signals to the computer in response to the adjustable positioner positioning the DUT according to each of the plurality of orientations; and
by the computer:
in response to receiving the signals from the adjustable positioner, transmitting a plurality of acquisition triggers to an RF measurement system to acquire a plurality of RF measurements of the DUT;
receiving results of the plurality of RF measurements from the RF measurement system;
generating antenna characterization information based at least in part on the signals received from the adjustable positioner and the results of the plurality of RF measurements; and
storing the antenna characterization information in a memory,
wherein said continually transitioning the AUT through the plurality of orientations is performed at a speed such that the time between successive transmissions of the one or more signals is greater than an acquisition time of each of the RF measurements.
10. The method of claim 9 ,
wherein the adjustable positioner comprises hardware sensors configured to detect the orientation of the adjustable positioner,
wherein the one or more signals are transmitted in response to detection by the hardware sensors of the adjustable positioner being oriented according to each of the plurality of orientations.
11. The method of claim 9 ,
wherein the antenna characterization information is usable to design antenna characteristics of the DUT.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein in generating the antenna characterization information comprises:
correlating the results of the plurality of RF measurements with the signals received from the adjustable positioner to determine a respective orientation of the plurality of orientations of the DUT corresponding to each of the results of the RF measurements; and
storing a correlated list of results of the plurality of RF measurements and their respective orientations of the DUT in the memory medium.
13. The method of claim 12 , the method further comprising:
by the computer:
adjusting one or more counter values based on the signals received from the adjustable positioner, wherein said correlating the results of the plurality of RF measurements with the signals received from the adjustable positioner comprises determining an orientation of the DUT based on the adjusted one or more counter values.
14. The method of claim 9 , the method further comprising:
by the computer:
transmitting a stop trigger to the adjustable positioner to halt the motion of the adjustable positioner concurrently with said transmission of each of the acquisition triggers to the RF measurement system, and
by the RF measurement system:
transmitting a start trigger to the adjustable positioner to resume the motion of the adjustable positioner upon completion of each of the RF measurement acquisitions.
15. The method of claim 9 ,
wherein said transmission by the adjustable positioner of the one or more signals to the computer and said transmission by the computer of the plurality of acquisition triggers to the RF measurement system is performed via direct hardware signaling.
16. The method of claim 9 ,
wherein the chamber is an anechoic chamber.