Granted Patent B1

US 10,425,554 · App. 16/142,050 · Granted Sep 24, 2019

Inventor: Edward N. Chapman (Rochester, NY)

Assignee: Xerox Corporation

H04N1/32229H04N1/0087H04N1/00883H04N1/32352

Abstract

Claims (103)

1. A method of generating a document bearing a security mark, the method comprising:

by a print device, printing a first document that comprises a plurality of test pattern marks on a first substrate, wherein each of the test pattern marks exhibits a pattern having a frequency, and the frequencies vary among the plurality of test pattern marks;

printing a second document onto a second substrate, wherein the second document is a copy of the first document;

analyzing test pattern marks that appear on the second substrate to determine a first frequency range;

selecting a second frequency range that is at least one half of the first frequency range;

generating an array of cells in which each of the cells comprises:

a foreground that exhibits a frequency that is within either the first frequency range or the second frequency range, and

a background that exhibits a frequency that is within the other of the first frequency range or the second frequency range,

wherein the array comprises cells that exhibit a plurality of combinations of frequencies of the first frequency range and the second frequency range;

by a print device, printing a third document onto a third substrate, wherein the third document comprises the array of cells;

printing a fourth document onto a fourth substrate, wherein the fourth document comprises a copy of the third document;

generating one or more polygons, each of which comprises a border of an area that surrounds a plurality of adjacent cells in which the foreground is able to be visually distinguished from the background;

selecting, from the one or more polygons, the polygon having an inner point having a largest range from the inner to an edge of the polygon;

identifying the frequency of the background pattern and the frequency of the foreground pattern of the cell in which the inner point appears; and

generating a pantograph mark having a background and foreground that correspond to the identified frequencies.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising, by a print device, printing the pantograph mark onto a fifth substrate.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing the test pattern marks to determine the frequency range of interest comprises identifying one or more of the test pattern marks printed on the second substrate that exhibit a highest level of contrast with respect to corresponding test pattern marks printed on the first substrate.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein identifying one or more of the test pattern marks printed on the second substrate that exhibit the highest level of contrast with respect to corresponding test pattern marks printed on the first substrate comprises processing an image of the first substrate and an image of the second substrate to identify the one or more test pattern marks that exhibit the highest level of contrast.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the first frequency range and the second frequency range each have corresponding upper and lower limits; and

selecting the second frequency range comprises selecting the second frequency range to be a range having:

an upper limit that is at least one half of the upper limit of the first frequency range, and

a lower limit that is at least one half of the lower limit of the first frequency range.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the array has an x-axis and a y axis;

the x-axis comprises frequencies of one of the first frequency range or the second frequency range;

the y-axis comprises frequencies of the other of the first frequency range and the second frequency range.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein selecting, from the one or more polygons, the polygon having an inner point having a largest range from the inner point to edge comprises:

for each of the one or more polygons identifying a cell having the largest number of potential rectangles between that cell and a border of the polygon; and

selecting the polygon that contains the cell that, among all of the polygons, has the largest number of potential rectangles between that cell and the border of its polygon.

8. A method of generating a document bearing a security mark, the method comprising:

by a print device, printing a first document that comprises a plurality of test pattern marks on a first substrate, wherein each of the test pattern marks exhibits a pattern having a period, and the periods vary among the plurality of test pattern marks;

printing a second document onto a second substrate, wherein the second document is a copy of the first document;

analyzing test pattern marks that appear on the second substrate to determine a first period range;

selecting a second period range that is at least twice the first period range;

generating an array of cells in which each of the cells comprises:

a foreground that exhibits a period that is within either the first period range or the second period range, and

a background that exhibits a period that is within the other of the first period range or the second period range,

wherein the array comprises cells that exhibit a plurality of combinations of frequencies of the first period range and the second period range;

by a print device, printing a third document onto a third substrate, wherein the third document comprises the array of cells;

printing a fourth document onto a fourth substrate, wherein the fourth document comprises a copy of the third document;

generating one or more polygons, each of which comprises a border of an area that surrounds a plurality of adjacent cells in which the foreground is able to be visually distinguished from the background;

selecting, from the one or more polygons, the polygon having an inner point having a largest range from the inner point to an edge of the polygon;

identifying the period of the background pattern and the period of the foreground pattern of the cell in which the inner point appears; and

generating a pantograph mark having a background and foreground that correspond to the identified periods.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein analyzing the test pattern marks to determine the first period range comprises identifying one or more of the test pattern marks printed on the second substrate that exhibit a highest level of contrast with respect to corresponding test pattern marks printed on the first substrate.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein identifying one or more of the test pattern marks printed on the second substrate that exhibit the highest level of contrast with respect to corresponding test pattern marks printed on the first substrate comprises processing an image of the first substrate and an image of the second substrate to identify the one or more test pattern marks that exhibit the highest level of contrast.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein:

the first period range and the second period range each have corresponding upper and lower limits; and

selecting the second period range comprises selecting the second period range to be a range having:

an upper limit that is at least twice the upper limit of the first period range, and

a lower limit that is at least twice the lower limit of the first period range.

12. The method of claim 8 , wherein selecting, from the one or more polygons, the polygon having an inner point having a largest range from the inner point to the edge comprises:

for each of the one or more polygons identifying a cell having the largest number of potential rectangles between that cell and a border of the polygon; and

selecting the polygon that contains the cell that, among all of the polygons, has the largest number of potential rectangles between that cell and the border of its polygon.

13. A secure document generation system comprising:

one or more print devices;

a processor; and

a memory containing programming instructions that are configured to cause the processor to:

cause one of the print devices to print a first document that comprises a plurality of test pattern marks on a first substrate, wherein each of the test pattern marks exhibits a pattern having a frequency, and the frequencies vary among the plurality of test pattern marks,

cause one of the print devices to print a second document onto a second substrate, wherein the second document is a copy of the first document,

analyze test pattern marks that appear on the second substrate to determine a first frequency range,

select a second frequency range that is at least one half of the first frequency range,

generate an array of cells in which each of the cells comprises:

a foreground that exhibits a frequency that is within either the first frequency range or the second frequency range; and

a background that exhibits a frequency that is within the other of the first frequency range or the second frequency range,

wherein the array comprises cells that exhibit a plurality of combinations of frequencies of the first frequency range and the second frequency range,

cause one of the print devices to print a third document onto a third substrate, wherein the third document comprises the array of cells,

cause one of the print devices to print a fourth document onto a fourth substrate, wherein the fourth document comprises a copy of the third document,

generate one or more polygons, each of which comprises a border of an area that surrounds a plurality of adjacent cells in which the foreground is able to be visually distinguished from the background,

select, from the one or more polygons, the polygon having an inner point having a largest range from the inner point to edge of the polygon,

identify the frequency of the background pattern and the frequency of the foreground pattern of the cell in which the inner point appears, and

generate a pantograph mark having a background and foreground that correspond to the identified frequencies.

14. The system of claim 13 , further comprising additional programming instructions that are configured to cause one of the print devices to print the pantograph mark onto a fifth substrate.

15. The system of claim 13 , wherein the instructions to analyze the test pattern marks to determine the frequency range of interest comprise instructions to identify one or more of the test pattern marks printed on the second substrate that exhibit a highest level of contrast with respect to corresponding test pattern marks printed on the first substrate.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the instructions to identify one or more of the test pattern marks printed on the second substrate that exhibit the highest level of contrast with respect to corresponding test pattern marks printed on the first substrate comprise instructions to process an image of the first substrate and an image of the second substrate to identify the one or more test pattern marks that exhibit the highest level of contrast.

17. The system of claim 13 , wherein:

the first frequency range and the second frequency range each have corresponding upper and lower limits; and

the instructions to select the second frequency range comprise instructions to select the second frequency range to be a range having:

an upper limit that is at least one half of the upper limit of the first frequency range, and

a lower limit that is at least one half of the lower limit of the first frequency range.

18. The system of claim 13 , wherein the instructions to select, from the one or more polygons, the polygon having an inner point having a largest range from the inner point to edge comprise instructions to:

for each of the one or more polygons identify a cell having the largest number of potential rectangles between that cell and a border of the polygon; and

select the polygon that contains the cell that, among all of the polygons, has the largest number of potential rectangles between that cell and the border of its polygon.

19. A secure document generation system comprising:

one or more print devices;

a processor; and

a memory containing programming instructions that are configured to cause the processor to:

cause one of the print devices to print a first document that comprises a plurality of test pattern marks on a first substrate, wherein each of the test pattern marks exhibits a pattern having a period, and the periods vary among the plurality of test pattern marks,

cause one of the print devices to print a second document onto a second substrate, wherein the second document is a copy of the first document,

analyze test pattern marks that appear on the second substrate to determine a first frequency range,

select a second period range that is at least twice the first period range,

generate an array of cells in which each of the cells comprises:

a foreground that exhibits a period that is within either the first period range or the second period range; and

a background that exhibits a period that is within the other of the first period range or the second period range,

wherein the array comprises cells that exhibit a plurality of combinations of periods of the first period range and the second period range,

cause one of the print devices to print a third document onto a third substrate, wherein the third document comprises the array of cells,

cause one of the print devices to print a fourth document onto a fourth substrate, wherein the fourth document comprises a copy of the third document,

generate one or more polygons, each of which comprises a border of an area that surrounds a plurality of adjacent cells in which the foreground is able to be visually distinguished from the background,

select, from the one or more polygons, the polygon having an inner point having a largest range from the inner point to edge of the polygon,

identify the frequency of the background pattern and the frequency of the foreground pattern of the cell in which the inner point appears, and

generate a pantograph mark having a background and foreground that correspond to the identified frequencies.

20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the instructions to analyze the test pattern marks to determine the period range of interest comprise instructions to identify one or more of the test pattern marks printed on the second substrate that exhibit a highest level of contrast with respect to corresponding test pattern marks printed on the first substrate.

Assignments (9)

Cited By (3)

US 12,423,033 US 12,472,765 US 12,530,555