Transcutaneous neuromodulation system and methods of using same
Neuromodulation systems are described comprising a signal generator and at least one electrode. The at least one electrode can be configured to deliver a stimulation to a mammal, wherein the stimulation includes a biphasic signal and an overlapping high frequency pulse thereby inducing voluntary movement in the individual. Methods of administering the stimulation are also described.
1. A neuromodulation system comprising:
a processor;
a signal generator; and
at least one electrode,
wherein the processor, in cooperation with the signal generator and the at least one electrode are configured to deliver a transcutaneous stimulation to a mammal, the transcutaneous stimulation for inducing voluntary movement in the mammal and including:
during a first time period, a transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation (“tESCS”) applied to the mammal during physical conditioning of the mammal,
during a second time period after the first time period, the tESCS applied to the mammal during reduced or no physical conditioning of the mammal, and
during a third time period after the second time period, the tESCS applied to the mammal during the physical conditioning of the mammal in conjunction with pharmacological enabling motor control (“fEmc”), and
wherein the tESCS applied during the first time period and the second time period is used to establish a functional baseline of the mammal.
2. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the mammal is a human.
3. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the voluntary movement is of a foot, a toe, a leg, an arm, a hand, a finger, a waist, or a combination thereof.
4. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the voluntary movement comprises at least one of standing, stepping, a walking motor pattern, sitting down, laying down, reaching, grasping, pulling and pushing, swallowing and chewing, breathing, and coughing.
5. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the tESCS includes a 0.5-100 Hz signal.
6. The neuromodulation system of claim 5 , wherein the tESCS is delivered at 0.5-200 mA.
7. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the tESCS includes a 10 kHz overlapping high frequency pulse.
8. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the tESCS includes a 5 kHz overlapping high frequency pulse.
9. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the tESCS is applied over a cervical portion of a spinal cord or a brainstem via the at least one electrode.
10. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the tESCS is applied paraspinally over at least one of a lumbar portion, a lumbosacral portion, and a sacral portion of a spinal cord.
11. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the tESCS is applied over a T11-T12 vertebrae.
12. The neuromodulation system of claim 1 , wherein the mammal has a neurodegenerative brain injury.
13. The neuromodulation system of claim 12 , wherein the neurodegenerative brain injury is associated with a condition selected from the group consisting of Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's, ischemia, stroke, dystonia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), or cerebral palsy.
14. A method of inducing a voluntary movement in a mammal with a spinal injury, the method comprising:
applying a stimulation to the mammal using a transcutaneous neuromodulation system for inducing the voluntary movement,
wherein the stimulation is applied by:
during a first time period, providing a transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation (“tESCS”) to the mammal during physical conditioning of the mammal, and
during a second time period after the first time period, providing the tESCS to the mammal during the physical conditioning of the mammal in conjunction with pharmacological enabling motor control (“fEmc”), and
wherein the tESCS applied during the first time period is used to establish a functional baseline of the mammal.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the transcutaneous neuromodulation system includes:
a processor;
a signal generator; and
at least one electrode.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the tESCS includes a 0.5-100 Hz signal.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the tESCS is delivered at 0.5-200 mA.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the tESCS includes a 10 kHz overlapping high frequency pulse.
19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the tESCS includes a 5 kHz overlapping high frequency pulse.
20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the voluntary movement is of a leg, a foot, a toe, an arm, a hand, a finger, a leg, a waist, or a combination thereof.