Programmable power supplies for cellular base stations and related methods of reducing power loss in cellular systems
Methods of powering a radio that is mounted on a tower of a cellular base station are provided in which a direct current (“DC”) power signal is provided to the radio over a power cable and a voltage level of the output of the power supply is adjusted so as to provide a substantially constant voltage at a first end of the power cable that is remote from the power supply. Related cellular base stations and programmable power supplies are also provided.
1. A power supply system, comprising:
an output;
a current sensor circuit coupled to the output and configured to sense a level of current flowing through the output;
a conversion circuit coupled to the output and configured to provide a variable voltage level at the output; and
a memory circuit configured to store at least one parameter indicative of a cable resistance of a power cable;
wherein the output is configured to be coupled to a first end of the power cable, where the power cable has a second end that is opposite the first end;
wherein the second end is configured to be coupled to at least one radio;
a control logic circuit coupled to the memory circuit, the current sensor circuit, and the conversion circuit;
wherein the control logic circuit is configured to adjust an output voltage of the conversion circuit in response to the sensed level of current and the cable resistance of the power cable, determined from the stored at least one parameter, so that a voltage at the second end is a constant level or within a range; and
wherein the memory circuit is further configured to receive the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance of the power cable from user input.
2. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the control logic circuit is further configured to determine the cable resistance of the power cable from the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance.
3. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the memory circuit is further configured to use a look-up table to determine the cable resistance of the power cable from the at least one parameter.
4. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance comprises at least one of: a measurement of the cable resistance, and an estimate of the cable resistance.
5. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one parameter comprises:
a length of the power cable, and
one of: (a) a cable resistance per unit length of the power cable, (b) an indicator of cable type, and (c) a conductor diameter and a material type.
6. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one radio and the second end are configured to be mounted on a mounting structure.
7. The power supply system of claim 6 , wherein the mounting structure is a tower.
8. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein an input of the conversion circuit is coupled to an output of a power supply, and is configured to receive a DC voltage level from the power supply.
9. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one radio comprises at least one remote radio head.
10. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the power cable comprises two conductors.
11. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the power cable is bundled with a fiber optic cable, and where the fiber optic cable is coupled to the at least one radio.
12. The power supply system of claim 11 , wherein the fiber optic cable is configured to couple a baseband unit to the at least one radio.
13. The power supply system of claim 1 , further comprising a cable resistance measurement circuit coupled to the output and the control logic circuit, and configured to measure the cable resistance of the power cable; and
wherein the memory circuit is further configured to receive the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance of the power cable from at least one of: the user input and the cable resistance measurement circuit.
14. The power supply system of claim 1 , wherein the voltage at the second end exceeds a nominal DC voltage level of the at least one radio notwithstanding a variation of the current.
15. The power supply system of claim 14 , wherein the voltage at the second end is less than a maximum DC voltage level of the at least one radio.
16. The power supply system of claim 15 , wherein the voltage at the second end is within four volts of a maximum DC voltage level of the at least one radio.
17. An equipment enclosure system, comprising:
an enclosure;
a power supply system, in the enclosure, comprising:
an output;
a current sensor circuit coupled to the output and configured to sense a level of current flowing through the output;
a conversion circuit coupled to the output and configured to provide a variable voltage level at the output; and
a memory circuit configured to store at least one parameter indicative of a cable resistance of a power cable;
wherein the output is configured to be coupled to a first end of the power cable, where the power cable has a second end that is opposite the first end;
wherein the second end is configured to be coupled to at least one radio;
a control logic circuit coupled to the memory circuit, the current sensor circuit, and the conversion circuit;
wherein the control logic circuit is configured to adjust an output voltage of the conversion circuit in response to the sensed level of current and the cable resistance, determined from the stored at least one parameter, of the power cable so that a voltage at the second end is a constant level or within a range; and
wherein the memory circuit is further configured to receive the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance of the power cable from user input.
18. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the control logic circuit is further configured to determine the cable resistance of the power cable from the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance.
19. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the memory circuit is further configured to use a look-up table to determine the cable resistance of the power cable from the at least one parameter.
20. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance comprises at least one of: a measurement of the cable resistance, and an estimate of the cable resistance.
21. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the at least one parameter comprises:
a length of the power cable, and
one of: (a) a cable resistance per unit length of the power cable, (b) an indicator of cable type, and (c) a conductor diameter and a material type.
22. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the at least one radio and the second end are configured to be mounted on a mounting structure.
23. The equipment enclosure system of claim 22 , wherein the mounting structure comprises a tower.
24. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein an input of the conversion circuit is coupled to an output of a second power supply, and is configured to receive a DC voltage level from the second power supply.
25. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the at least one radio comprises a remote radio head.
26. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the power cable comprises two conductors.
27. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the power cable is bundled with a fiber optic cable, and where the fiber optic cable is configured to be coupled to the at least one radio.
28. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , further comprising a baseband unit in the enclosure.
29. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein the power supply system further comprises a cable resistance measurement circuit coupled to the output and the control logic circuit, and configured to measure the cable resistance of the power cable.
30. The equipment enclosure system of claim 17 , wherein voltage at the second end exceeds a nominal DC voltage level of the at least one radio notwithstanding a variation of the current.
31. The equipment enclosure system of claim 30 , wherein the voltage at the second end is less than a maximum DC voltage level of the at least one radio.
32. The equipment enclosure system of claim 31 , wherein the voltage at the second end is within four volts of a maximum DC voltage level of the at least one radio.
33. A system, comprising:
a mounting structure;
an antenna mounted on the mounting structure;
at least one radio mounted on the mounting structure;
a power cable having a first end, and a second end opposite of the first end, where the second end is coupled to the at least one radio;
a power supply system, comprising:
an output;
a current sensor circuit coupled to the output and configured to sense a level of current flowing through the output;
a conversion circuit coupled to the output and configured to provide a variable voltage level at the output; and
a memory circuit configured to store at least one parameter indicative of a cable resistance of the power cable;
wherein the output is coupled to the first end of the power cable;
a control logic circuit coupled to the memory circuit, the current sensor circuit, and the conversion circuit;
wherein the control logic circuit is configured to adjust an output voltage of the conversion circuit in response to the sensed level of current and the cable resistance of the power cable, determined from the stored at least one parameter, so that a voltage at the second end is a constant level or within a range; and
wherein the memory circuit is further configured to receive the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance of the power cable from user input.
34. The system of claim 33 , wherein the control logic circuit is further configured to determine the cable resistance of the power cable from the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance.
35. The system of claim 33 , wherein the memory circuit is further configured to use a look-up table to determine the cable resistance of the power cable from the at least one parameter.
36. The system of claim 33 , wherein the at least one parameter indicative of the cable resistance comprises at least one of: a measurement of the cable resistance, and an estimate of the cable resistance.
37. The system of claim 33 , wherein the at least one parameter comprises:
a length of the power cable, and
one of: (a) a cable resistance per unit length of the power cable, (b) an indicator of cable type, and (c) a conductor diameter and a material type.
38. The system of claim 33 , wherein the mounting structure comprises a tower.
39. The system of claim 27 , wherein an input of the conversion circuit is coupled to an output of a power supply, and is configured to receive a DC voltage level from the power supply.
40. The system of claim 33 , wherein the at least one radio comprises at least one remote radio head.
41. The system of claim 33 , wherein the power cable comprises two conductors.
42. The system of claim 33 , wherein the power cable is bundled with a fiber optic cable, and where the fiber optic cable is coupled to the at least one radio.
43. The system of claim 42 , further comprising:
a baseband unit; and
wherein the fiber optic cable couples the baseband unit to the at least one radio.
44. The system of claim 33 , wherein the power supply system further comprises a cable resistance measurement circuit coupled to the output and the control logic circuit, and configured to measure the cable resistance of the power cable.
45. The system of claim 33 , further comprising:
an enclosure enclosing the power supply system; and
a baseband unit enclosed in the enclosure.
46. The system of claim 33 , wherein voltage at the second end exceeds a nominal DC voltage level of the at least one radio notwithstanding a variation of the current.
47. The system of claim 46 , wherein the voltage at the second end is less than a maximum DC voltage level of the at least one radio.
48. The system of claim 47 , wherein the voltage at the second end is within four volts of a maximum DC voltage level of the at least one radio.