Flexible circuits for electrical harnesses
Provided are electrical harness assemblies and methods of forming such harness assemblies. A harness assembly comprises a conductor trace, comprising a conductor lead with a width-to-thickness ratio of at least 2. This ratio provides for a lower thickness profile and enhances heat transfer from the harness to the environment. In some examples, a conductor trace may be formed from a thin sheet of metal. The same sheet may be used to form other components of the harness. The conductor trace also comprises a connecting end, monolithic with the conductor lead. The width-to-thickness ratio of the connecting end may be less than that of the conductor trace, allowing for the connecting end to be directly mechanically and electrically connected to a connector of the harness assembly. The connecting end may be folded, shaped, slit-rearranged, and the like to reduce its width-to-thickness ratio, which may be close to 1.
1. An electrical harness assembly comprising:
a connector; and
a first conductor trace, comprising a first conductor lead and a first connecting end, wherein:
the first conductor lead and the first connecting end are monolithic; and
the first connecting end is electrically coupled to the connector,
the first connecting end has a width-to-thickness ratio less than the width-to-thickness ratio of the first conductor lead.
2. The electrical harness assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first connecting end is folded, reshaped, or formed by a plurality of bundled strands.
3. The electrical harness assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first connecting end is formed by a plurality of bundled strands, and wherein each strand in the plurality of bundled strands has a rectangular cross-sectional profile.
4. The electrical harness assembly of claim 3 , wherein at least two strands in the plurality of bundled strands have different cross-sectional profiles.
5. The electrical harness assembly of claim 3 , wherein at least two strands in the plurality of bundled strands have different lengths.
6. The electrical harness assembly of claim 3 , wherein the first connecting end further comprises a plurality of stress relief openings, positioned at connected ends of the plurality of bundled strands.
7. The electrical harness assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a second conductor trace, comprising a second conductor lead and a second connecting end, monolithic with the second conductor lead, wherein:
the connector comprises a first connecting portion, electrically coupled to the first connecting end, and a second connecting portion, electrically coupled to the second connecting end and offset relative to the first connecting portion in a first direction.
8. The electrical harness assembly of claim 7 , wherein the second conductor lead is offset relative to the first conductor lead in a second direction, different from the first direction.
9. The electrical harness assembly of claim 7 , wherein the first conductor lead and the second conductor lead are laminated to an insulator, and wherein the insulator comprises an opening disposed between the first conductor lead and the second conductor lead.
10. The electrical harness assembly of claim 7 , wherein the connector comprises a jumper electrically coupling the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion.
11. An assembly comprising: a heat sink, comprising a surface; and an electrical harness assembly, directly contacting the surface of the heat sink, wherein: the electrical harness assembly comprises a first insulator, a conductor trace, and a second insulator, the conductor trace is disposed between the first insulator and the second insulator, and the first insulator is adhered to the surface of the heat sink using a thermally conductive mounting adhesive, wherein the electrical harness assembly further comprises a connector, comprising a contact interface, the conductor trace, comprises a conductor lead and a connecting end, the contact interface is electrically coupled to the connecting end, and the connecting end has a width-to-thickness ratio less than the width-to-thickness ratio of the conductor lead.
12. The assembly of claim 11 , wherein the surface comprises an indent, and wherein the electrical harness assembly is positioned within the indent.
13. The assembly of claim 12 , wherein the heat sink is a vehicle component.
14. A method of forming an electrical harness assembly, the method comprising:
laminating a conductor to a supporting substrate;
while the conductor remains laminated to the supporting substrate, patterning the conductor thereby forming a first conductor trace, comprising a first conductor lead and a first connecting end; and
shaping the first connecting end of the first conductor trace,
wherein, after shaping, the first connecting end has a width-to-thickness ratio less than the width-to-thickness ratio of the first conductor lead.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprises, after shaping the first connecting end, attaching a connector to the first connecting end of the first conductor trace.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein patterning the conductor forms a second conductor trace, comprising a second conductor lead and a second connecting end, and wherein the supporting substrate maintains orientation of the first conductor trace and the second conductor trace.
17. The method of claim 14 , further comprising, after patterning the conductor, attaching an insulator to the first conductor trace such that the first conductor trace is disposed between the insulator and the supporting substrate.
18. The method of claim 14 , further comprising, after shaping the first connecting end of the first conductor trace, removing a bridging portion attached to ends of strands of a plurality of bundled strands.
19. The method of claim 14 , further comprising attaching the electrical harness assembly to a heat sink.