Chain of custody for enterprise documents
A ledger stores chain of custody information for files throughout an enterprise network. By identifying files with a homologous identifier such as a fuzzy hash that permits piecewise evaluation of similarity, the ledger can be used to track a chain of custody over a sequence of changes in content, ownership, and file properties. The ledger can be used, e.g., to evaluate trustworthiness of a file the first time it is encountered by an endpoint, or to apply enterprise policies based on trust.
1. A system comprising:
a plurality of endpoints storing a plurality of documents;
an enterprise network interconnecting the plurality of endpoints; and
a threat management facility server coupled in a communicating relationship with the enterprise network, the threat management facility server storing a ledger with a chain of custody for each of the plurality of documents, the chain of custody for each one of the plurality of documents including one or more fuzzy hashes, each associated with a user of the one of the plurality of documents and each including a piecewise hash for a piecewise segment of the one of the plurality of documents to permit an identification of piecewise sets of identical bits within the documents, the server configured to respond to an information request from a requestor containing a first fuzzy hash by matching the first fuzzy hash to one or more matching ones of the fuzzy hashes stored in the ledger and providing chain of custody information corresponding to the one or more matching ones of the fuzzy hashes to the requestor for evaluating a trustworthiness of one of the plurality of documents based on the chain of custody information, the chain of custody information including indicia for one or more users, each of the one or more users associated via a corresponding fuzzy hash included in the chain of custody with least one of the plurality of documents, the server further configured to respond to an update request containing a second fuzzy hash by matching the second fuzzy hash to a matching one of the plurality of documents and adding the second fuzzy hash and related information to the chain of custody in the ledger for the matching one of the plurality of documents.
2. A method comprising:
generating a first fuzzy hash for a file;
transmitting a request for chain of custody information including a first user for the file from a ledger for an enterprise network based on a correspondence of the first fuzzy hash to a fuzzy hash included in the ledger, wherein the ledger is hosted at a threat management facility for the enterprise network;
receiving the chain of custody information from the threat management facility;
evaluating a trustworthiness of the file based on the chain of custody information;
receiving a modification to the file from a second user of the file at an endpoint;
generating a second fuzzy hash for the file; and
transmitting the second fuzzy hash to the ledger hosted by the threat management facility for inclusion in the chain of custody for the file, data in the chain of custody including indicia for the first user associated with the first fuzzy hash and indicia for the second user associated with the second fuzzy hash, the first fuzzy hash and the second fuzzy hash each including a piecewise hash for a piecewise segment of the file to permit an identification of piecewise sets of identical bits within the file.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the file includes a document selected from a group consisting of a word processing document, a spreadsheet, an image, an audio file, and a video file.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein the file includes computer executable code selected from a group consisting of source code, byte code, compiled code, and script.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein receiving the modification includes receiving the modification from a user different than an author of the file.
6. The method of claim 2 wherein the ledger is stored in a database hosted at the threat management facility for the enterprise network.
7. The method of claim 2 wherein the ledger is stored in a cloud resource remotely accessible from the enterprise network.
8. The method of claim 2 wherein the ledger is a distributed ledger.
9. The method of claim 2 wherein the chain of custody information includes an author and one or more users associated with a number of versions of the file.
10. The method of claim 2 wherein the chain of custody information includes at least one item that is cryptographically signed for authentication using a certificate from a trust authority.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the trust authority includes a trusted platform module or a remote third party trust authority.
12. The method of claim 2 wherein the first fuzzy hash and the second fuzzy hash include context triggered piecewise hashes.
13. A method comprising:
generating a homologous file identifier for a file;
transmitting a request for chain of custody information including a first user for the file from a ledger for an enterprise network based on a correspondence of the homologous file identifier to a homologous file identifier of a plurality of homologous file identifiers included in the ledger, the plurality of homologous file identifiers each including a piecewise hash for a piecewise segment of the file to permit an identification of piecewise sets of identical bits within the file, wherein the ledger is hosted by a threat management facility for the enterprise network;
receiving the chain of custody information from the threat management facility;
evaluating a trustworthiness of the file based on the chain of custody information, the chain of custody information including a portion of the plurality of homologous file identifiers included in the ledger that are associated with two or more users via a corresponding homologous file identifier included in the chain of custody; and
applying an enterprise policy to the file based on the trustworthiness.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein evaluating the trustworthiness of the file includes determining an amount of change to the file from one or more other files identified in the ledger based on a similarity of the homologous file identifier for the file to one or more other homologous file identifiers for the one or more other files identified in the ledger.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein evaluating the trustworthiness of the file includes evaluating a trustworthiness of one or more users associated with the file in the chain of custody information.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein the homologous file identifier includes a first fuzzy hash.
17. The method of claim 16 further comprising receiving a modification to the file, generating a second fuzzy hash for the file, transmitting the second fuzzy hash to the ledger for inclusion in a chain of custody for the file.
18. The method of claim 13 wherein applying the enterprise policy includes blocking or allowing access to the file at an endpoint in the enterprise network.
19. The method of claim 13 wherein applying the enterprise policy includes blocking or allowing a transmittal of the file through the enterprise network.
20. The method of claim 13 wherein applying the enterprise policy includes deploying a remedial measure based on a low trustworthiness of the file.