Debridement wound dressings and systems and methods using the same

1. A wound dressing comprising:

a contact layer formed from a foam material having a plurality of pores, the contact layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface and configured to be positioned adjacent a tissue site;

a plurality of perforations extending through the contact layer from the first surface to a second surface, the plurality of perforations forming walls in the contact layer; and

a debriding matrix comprising a solid sheet formed from a polymer and at least one debriding agent, wherein the debriding matrix is removably adhered to at least a portion of the second surface of the contact layer and covers the plurality of perforations.

2. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the following are satisfied:

at least a portion of the plurality of perforations are not covered with the debriding matrix;

the debriding matrix has a thickness of 1.0 mm to 10 mm.

3. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the debriding matrix has a soluble solid composition in an aqueous solution having a pH from 2 to 10 of at least 10%.

4. The wound dressing claim 1 , wherein the debriding matrix comprises fluid pathways.

5. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the debriding agent is active at a pH of 2 to 12.

6. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the debriding agent is present in the debriding matrix in 0.25 United States Pharmacopeia 9“USP”) units to 1,000 USP units.

7. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the debriding agent is selected from the group consisting of papain, urea, streptokinase, streptodornase, trypsin, collagenase, fibrinolysin, fibrinolysin with deoxyribonuclease, bromelain and a combination thereof.

8. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a polysaccharide, a protein, a vegetable gum, or a combination thereof.

9. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the debriding matrix further comprises a drying agent selected from the group consisting of silica gel, magnesium aluminum silicate, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, a sulfonate and a combination thereof; a thickening agent selected from the group consisting of glycerol, glycerin, a carbomer, polyethylene glycol and a combination thereof; and/or oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC).

10. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of perforations have an average diameter of 5.0 mm to 20 mm.

11. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of perforations are present in an array comprising two or more parallel rows.

12. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the perforations have a depth less than a thickness of the contact layer, and wherein the contact layer has a thickness of 5.0 mm to 20 mm.

13. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the walls of the perforations have a substantially smooth surface between the first surface of the contact layer and the second surface of the contact layer.

14. The wound dressing of claim 1 , wherein the contact layer has a void space percentage of 40% to 75% and is formed from a compressed foam, a felted foam, a 3D spacer fabric, a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic polyurethane.

15. A method for debriding a tissue site, the method comprising:

positioning the wound dressing of claim 1 adjacent to the tissue site;

positioning a cover over the contact layer;

sealing the cover to tissue surrounding the tissue site to form a sealed environment enclosing the wound dressing;

fluidly coupling a negative-pressure source to the wound dressing; and

supplying negative pressure to the wound dressing to draw tissue into the perforations to form nodules.

16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising dissolving at least a portion of the debriding matrix at the tissue site.

17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:

positioning a filler adjacent to the contact layer, opposite the tissue site;

drawing portions of the filler into the plurality of perforations of the contact layer to form bosses; and

contacting a top of the nodules to limit a height of the nodules.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the contact layer has a first thickness at ambient pressure and the method further comprises:

compressing the contact layer to a second thickness that is less than the first thickness; and

forming nodules with a height no greater than the second thickness.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the first thickness is 6 mm to 10 mm and the second thickness is 2 mm to 4 mm.

20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising one or more of the following:

debriding at least a portion of debris on the nodules;

removing debris from a surface of the tissue site;

applying force to the tissue site through the perforations; and

debriding the nodules.

21. The method of claim 15 , further comprising channeling negative pressure through the plurality of perforations of the contact layer to generate concentrated stresses in tissue adjacent to the plurality of perforations.

22. The method of claim 15 , further comprising distributing negative pressure to the tissue site through the contact layer.

23. The method of claim 15 , further comprising venting the sealed environment, wherein venting the sealed environment comprises maintaining the sealed environment at ambient pressure for at least one minute.

24. The method of claim 15 , further comprising fluidly coupling a solution source to the sealed environment and supplying fluid from the solution source to the sealed environment.

25. The method of claim 24 , wherein supplying fluid to the sealed environment further comprises dwelling the fluid in the sealed environment for 5 minutes.

26. The method of claim 24 , further comprising micro-floating the contact layer within the sealed environment in response to supplying fluid to the sealed environment.

27. The method of claim 15 , further comprising using a sharp debridement process to remove at least a portion of the debris.

28. A system for debriding a tissue site, comprising:

a wound dressing of claim 1 ; and

a cover adapted to form a sealed environment over the contact layer and the tissue site.

29. The system of claim 28 further comprising a fluid source adapted to be fluidly coupled to the wound dressing.