Topical pharmaceutical formulations containing a low concentration of benzoyl peroxide in suspension in water and a water-miscible organic solvent
An aqueous formulation for topical application to the skin comprising water, a water-miscible organic solvent, and benzoyl peroxide, wherein the concentration of the organic solvent is sufficient to provide a stable suspension of benzoyl peroxide in the aqueous formulation without the inclusion of a surfactant in the formulation, wherein the ratio of concentrations of water and organic solvent in the formulation is sufficient to maintain the benzoyl peroxide in saturated solubility in the formulation following application to the skin, and wherein the concentration of benzoyl peroxide in the formulation is less than 5.0% and at least 1.0% w/w. The formulation may further contain a chemical compound in addition to benzoyl peroxide that is effective in the treatment of acne. The aqueous formulations of the invention are useful in the treatment of acne and acne rosacea.
1. A method for treating acne, the method comprising applying once a day for up to 12 weeks to the skin of a patient in need thereof an aqueous gel formulation comprising: water, a water-miscible organic solvent, 2%-3.5% w/w benzoyl peroxide, 1.2% w/w clindamycin phosphate, and a gelling agent, wherein the formulation comprises a stable suspension of benzoyl peroxide in a saturated solution of benzoyl peroxide, wherein the clindamycin phosphate is dissolved in the formulation, wherein the water-miscible organic solvent comprises propylene glycol, wherein the concentration of the propylene glycol in the aqueous gel formulation is between one and four times the concentration of the benzoyl peroxide, wherein the ratio of the water to the propylene glycol in the aqueous gel formulation is at least 12:1, and wherein the benzoyl peroxide has a mean particle size of less than 100 microns.
2. The method of claim 1 , in which the concentration of the propylene glycol in the aqueous gel formulation is two times the concentration of the benzoyl peroxide.
3. The method of claim 1 , in which the ratio of the water to the propylene glycol in the aqueous gel formulation is at least 17.5:1.
4. The method of claim 1 , in which the gelling agent in the aqueous gel formulation is a carboxyvinyl polymer.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gelling agent in the aqueous gel formulation is hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, or hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.
6. The method of claim 1 , in which the benzoyl peroxide in the aqueous gel formulation has a mean particle size of between 2.5 and 30 microns.
7. The method of claim 1 , in which the clindamycin phosphate is dissolved in the aqueous gel formulation.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous gel formulation is free of surfactant.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous gel formulation contains a surfactant.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous gel formulation is applied to the face, neck, back, and chest of the patient.